三氟乙醇的介绍
化学上具有醇类的典型性质,通过各类氧化剂,如:用氯水或V2O5催化下以氧氧化,可得三氟乙醛或者三氟乙酸。三氟乙醇首先为斯乌阿兹催化还原三氟乙酸酐所得。另外的方法,如:三氟乙酰胺催化氢化,四氢化铝锂还原三氟乙酰氯或其酯。最近报导以氧化铜催化氢化2,2,2-三氟乙酸三氟乙酯可得三氟乙醇,产率高达95%。
下午好,聚赖氨酸可以溶于三氟乙醇和六氟异丙醇,也可以溶于三氟乙酸,另外像是二氯甲烷和四氯化碳等卤代烃也可以溶解请参考。至于溶解度只能通过专门测试得出精确结论但是一般情况下小分子量聚赖氨酸和PLA相近以上这些都是通用的良溶剂。
灰色格子里从上到下分别为:化学式、摩尔质量、外观(无色液体)、密度、熔点、沸点、水中溶解度(与水混溶)、乙醇中溶解度(与乙醇混溶)、酸性(pKa)、粘度、标准摩尔熵、标准摩尔生成焓、标准摩尔燃烧焓
EMERGENCY OVERVIEW
Flammable. Harmful by inhalation, in contact with skin and if
swallowed. Irritating to eyes and skin. Possible risk of impaired
fertility.
Potential Health Effects
Eye:
Causes eye irritation.
Skin:
Causes skin irritation. Harmful if absorbed through the skin.
Ingestion:
Harmful if swallowed. May cause irritation of the digestive tract.
Inhalation:
Harmful if inhaled. May cause respiratory tract irritation.
Chronic:
Not available.
**** SECTION 4 - FIRST AID MEASURES ****
Eyes:
Flush eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes,
occasionally lifting the upper and lower eyelids. Get medical aid.
Skin:
Get medical aid. Flush skin with plenty of water for at least 15
minutes while removing contaminated clothing and shoes.
Ingestion:
Get medical aid. If conscious drink water, then induce vomiting. If
unconscious, immediately take victim to a physician and do NOT
attempt to induce vomiting.
Inhalation:
Remove from exposure and move to fresh air immediately. If not
breathing, give artificial respiration. If breathing is difficult,
give oxygen. Get medical aid.
Notes to Physician:
**** SECTION 5 - FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES ****
General Information:
As in any fire, wear a self-contained breathing apparatus in
pressure-demand, MSHA/NIOSH (approved or equivalent), and full
protective gear. Vapors can travel to a source of ignition and flash
back. Will burn if involved in a fire. Flammable liquid and vapor.
Extinguishing Media:
Use water spray, dry chemical, carbon dioxide, or chemical foam.
**** SECTION 6 - ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES ****
General Information: Use proper personal protective equipment as indicated
in Section 8.
Spills/Leaks:
Absorb spill with inert material (e.g. vermiculite, sand or earth),
then place in suitable container. Remove all sources of ignition.
Use a spark-proof tool.
**** SECTION 7 - HANDLING and STORAGE ****
Handling:
Use spark-proof tools and explosion proof equipment. Avoid breathing
dust, vapor, mist, or gas. Avoid contact with skin and eyes. Use only
in a chemical fume hood.
Storage:
Keep away from sources of ignition. Store in a cool, dry place.
Store in a tightly closed container. Flammables-area.
**** SECTION 8 - EXPOSURE CONTROLS, PERSONAL PROTECTION ****
Engineering Controls:
Facilities storing or utilizing this material should be equipped
with an eyewash facility and a safety shower. Use adequate
ventilation to keep airborne concentrations low.
Personal Protective Equipment
Eyes:
Wear chemical goggles.
Skin:
Wear appropriate protective gloves to prevent skin
exposure.
Clothing:
Wear appropriate protective clothing to prevent skin
exposure.
Respirators:
Follow the OSHA respirator regulations found in 29
CFR 1910.134 or European Standard EN 149. Always use
a NIOSH or European Standard EN 149 approved
respirator when necessary.
**** SECTION 9 - PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES ****
Physical State: Clear liquid
Color: colorless
Odor: characteristic odor
pH: 5.0-7.5 (10% aq. sol.)
Vapor Pressure: 3.5hPa @20 deg C
Viscosity: 1.75 mPa.s @25 deg C
Boiling Point: 77 - 80 deg C @760mmHg
Freezing/Melting Point: -45 deg C
Autoignition Temperature: 480 deg C ( 896.00 deg F)
Flash Point:29 deg C ( 84.20 deg F)
Explosion Limits, lower:5.5
Explosion Limits, upper:42
Decomposition Temperature: 315 deg C
Solubility in water:miscible with water
Specific Gravity/Density: 1.390
Molecular Formula: C2H3F3O
Molecular Weight: 100.04
**** SECTION 10 - STABILITY AND REACTIVITY ****
Chemical Stability:
Stable under normal temperatures and pressures.
Conditions to Avoid:
Incompatible materials, ignition sources.
Incompatibilities with Other Materials:
Oxidizing agents, bases, alkali metals, alkaline earth metals,
potassium, sodium.
Hazardous Decomposition Products:
Carbon monoxide, irritating and toxic gases, carbon dioxide, hydrogen
fluoride gas.
Hazardous Polymerization: Has not been reported
**** SECTION 11 - TOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION ****
RTECS#:
CAS# 75-89-8: KM5250000
LD50/LC50:
CAS# 75-89-8: Draize test, rabbit, eye: 20 mg/24H ModerateDraize
test, rabbit, skin: 750 ug/24H SevereInhalation, mouse: LC50 = 2900
mg/m3/2HInhalation, mouse: LC50 = 2900 mg/m3/2HInhalation, rat:
LC50 = 470 ppm/6HOral, mouse: LD50 = 366 mg/kgOral, rat: LD50 =
240 mg/kgSkin, rabbit: LD50 = 390 uL/kgSkin, rat: LD50 = 1680
mg/kg.
Carcinogenicity:
2,2,2-Trifluoroethanol -
Not listed by ACGIH, IARC, NIOSH, NTP, or OSHA.
See actual entry in RTECS for complete information.
**** SECTION 12 - ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION ****
Ecotoxicity:
Daphnia: >100 mg/l24Hlog Pow: 0.652
Other
Avoid entering into waters or underground water. Do not empty into
drains.
**** SECTION 13 - DISPOSAL CONSIDERATIONS ****
Dispose of in a manner consistent with federal, state, and local regulations.