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聚乙二醇的英文全称是什么

轻松的毛巾
懦弱的镜子
2022-12-23 12:38:23

聚乙二醇的英文全称是什么

最佳答案
秀丽的眼睛
缓慢的高山
2026-05-05 23:13:46

聚乙二醇:

1. Carmowax

2. polyethyleneglycol

3. polyethylene glycol

4. carbowax

5. polyglycol

6. polyoxyalkylene

最新回答
执着的高山
幸福的鸡翅
2026-05-05 23:13:46

1.EDF

基本翻译

abbr. european defence force 欧洲防御部队;european development fund 欧洲开发基金会

2.CGEL

网络释义

CGEL:省电子电器监督检验所|产品监督检验所

3.neg [neg]

基本翻译

n. 底片

=negative

网络释义

NEG:日本电气硝子|否定|电气硝子

NEG negative:负,阴(极)|负的|负压

neg placement:否定配置

4.peg [peg]

基本翻译

n. 钉,椿,藉口

v. 钉木椿,用椿

网络释义

PEG:聚乙二醇|药用聚乙二醇|市盈率相对盈利增长比率

epithelial peg:上皮钉|释义:上皮钉

ground peg:小桩子

认真的帅哥
个性的板栗
2026-05-05 23:13:46
双向定位纳米微粒药物输送系统通过具有两种不同功能的聚乙二醇由把血管活力与聚乙二醇-聚已酸内酯纳米微粒 (血管紧张素-镎元素) 结合起来而加强效力,以克服越过血脑屏障(BBB)的化疗浅层输送和进入肿瘤组织的不良渗透。

【可能不太准确,仅供参考】

感性的洋葱
热情的台灯
2026-05-05 23:13:46
配料:水 甘油 酒精 丙二醇 黄原胶 树胶 卡波姆(制药时用作乳化剂和悬浮剂) 磷酸氢二钠 乙二胺四乙酸 醯亚氨 尿素 甲基 香精 聚乙二醇 氢化合蓖麻油 苯基千金榆提取物 芍药根提取物

安静的小蘑菇
发嗲的纸鹤
2026-05-05 23:13:46
Abrasion 磨损

Abrasive cleaning磨洗,研磨去污

Acceleration加速度

Accumulator存储器,储能器

Acid 酸

Acidity 酸度,酸性

Active restraint(指安全带等需要乘客动手使用的)主动保护装置

Actuator 执行器

A/D converter模/数转换器

Adaptive learning 自适应学习

Additive 添加剂

Adhesion 附着力,附着性

Adhesive 附着的,附着力

Aeration (空气以微小的气泡状态混入液力系统工作液中的)混气现象

Aerodynamics 空气动力学

Air bag system 安全气囊系统

Air-conditioning 空调

Air-conditioning clutch空调(系统的压缩机)离合器

Air-conditioning compressor 空调压缩机

Air ducts 空气通道

Air filter 空气滤清器

Air gap 气隙,(火花塞)跳火间隙,间隙

Air injection 空气喷射

Air Injection Reactor (AIR) 空气喷射反应净化系统

Air-fuel ratio (A/F) sensor 空燃比传感器

Alignment 调整使…在一条直线上

Alloy 合金

Automotive aftermarket 汽车配件市场

Average responding平均值响应

Axial 轴的,轴向的

Axial load 轴向载荷

Axial play 轴向运动

Back pressure (汽车排气系统的)背压

Backlash (由于松动等原因造成齿轮等机械系统的)间隙,背隙

Ball bearing 球轴承

Ball joint球节,球形连接

Barometric pressure 大气压力

Battery 蓄电池

Battery cable (连接启动机或者搭铁的)蓄电池电缆

Battery cell 蓄电池单元,单格电池

Baud rate 波特率

Bottom dead center (BDC) 下止点

Bead 轮胎胎圈(轮胎安装在轮辋上的部分)

Bearing 轴承

Bearing clearance 轴承间隙

Bearing crush 轴承压紧量

Bearing race 滚动轴承座(圈)

Bearing spread 轴承过盈量

Bell housing 钟形壳(如离合器壳)

Belleville spring 膜片弹簧,蝶形弹簧

Belt alternator starter (BAS) 带式发电启动机

Bias 偏差

Binary code 二进制代码

Biodiesel fuels 生物柴油燃料

Bit (二进制)位,比特

Blowby 窜气

Body-over-frame 车身-车架式结构

Bolt diameter 螺栓直径

Bolt head 螺帽

Boot 橡胶防尘罩

Chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) 氟氯化碳

Chamfer 斜面

Chamfering 倒角,切角

Charcoal canister 活性炭灌

Chassis ground 底盘搭铁

Check valve 单向阀,止回阀

Chemical cleaning 化学清洗

Clamping diode钳位(压)二极管

Closed loop 闭环

Clutch 离合器

Clutch disc 离合器盘

Clutch fork 离合器拨叉

Clutch release bearing 离合器分离轴承

Coefficient of friction 摩擦系数

Coil pack 线圈组件

Cold cranking 低温启动,冷启动

Collector 集电极

Combination valve 组合阀

Combustion 燃烧

Combustion chamber 燃烧室

Compound 混合物,化合物

Compression 压缩

Compression ratio 压缩比

Compression stroke 压缩冲程

Concentric 同中心的

Condensation 冷凝,浓缩

Condense使冷凝

Condenser 冷凝器

Conduction 传导

Conductor 导体,导线

Connecting rod 连杆

Continuously variable transmission (CVT) 无极变速器

Contraction收缩

Differential 差速器

Diffusion 扩散

Digital 数字的,数字式的

Dilution 稀释

Diode 二极管

Direct current (DC) 直流,直流电

Direct drive 直接驱动,直接传动

Direct ignition system (DIS) 直接点火系

Direct injection 直接喷射,直喷

Directional stability 方向稳定性

Disc brakes 盘式制动器

Discharge line(空调压缩机的)输出管

Displacement (发动机的)排量

Distributor 分电器

Distributor ignition (DI) system 分电器式点火系统

Dome 圆顶(如活塞顶的形状)

Dowel 定位销

Drive member (行星齿轮机构的)输入齿轮

Driveability 操作性能,驾驶性能

Drive shaft 传动轴

Dry sump 干式油底壳

Dual overhead camshaft (DOHC) 双凸轮轴顶置

Duo-servo 双向伺服

Duty cycle 占空比

Dwell time (凸轮轮廓的)同心部分(即随动件相应静止的时间)

Dynamic 动力(学)的

Dynamic pressure 动压力(当液力流动时的压力)

Dynamometer 测功机

Eccentric 偏心的

Efficiency 效率

EI 电子点火

Elasticity 弹性,弹性变形

Electrochemical 电化学的

Ferrous metal 含铁金属

Field coil 励磁线圈

Final drive 主减速器

Firing order 点火顺序

Flange 法兰

Flexible fuel vehicles (FFV) 多用燃料汽车

Fluid 流体,流动性

Flux density 通量密度

Flux field 磁场

Flywheel 飞轮

Foot-pound 英尺-磅(=1.35N•m)

Force 力

Forge 铸造

Forward bias 正向偏压

Free play(转向盘的)自由间隙,自由行程

Free travel(离合器踏板的)自由行程

Frequency 频率

Friction 摩擦,摩擦力

Fuel cell stack 燃料电池组

Fuel pressure regulator 燃油压力调节器

Fuel pump 燃油泵

Fuel rail 油轨

Fulcrum 杠杆的支点

Full-floating 全浮式

Fuse 熔断器

Fusible link 熔断丝

Galling wear 表面磨损

Gasket 垫圈

Gateway 网关

Gear 齿轮,挡位,装置,齿轮传动机构

Gear pitch 锥齿轮

Gear ratio 传动比,齿数比

Generator 发电机

Glaze 光滑面,光滑层

Hydrocarbons 碳氢化合物

Hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) 氢氟碳化合物,氢氟烃

Hypoid gears 准双曲面齿轮

Idler pulley 惰轮

Ignitability 可燃性

Ignition coil 点火线圈

Ignition system 点火系统

Ignition timing 点火正时

Impedance 阻抗

Impeller 泵轮

Impermeable 不渗透的

Included angle 车轮与主销的夹角(主销内倾角与车轮外倾角之和)

Induction (电磁)感应

Inductive reluctance磁阻

Inertia 惯性,惯量

Inertia switch 惯性开关

Insert bearing 滑动轴承

Installed spring height弹簧装配后的高度,装配高度

Insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) 绝缘栅双极晶体管

Insulator 绝缘体

Intake valve 进气阀

Integral 整体,总体

Integrated circuit 集成电路

Integrated motor assist (IMA) system 集成式电动机助推系统

Intercooler 中冷器

Inverter 变换器(将交流电转变为直流电或将直流电转变为交流电)

Isooctane 异辛烷

Jounce 震动,颠簸

Keep-alive memory (KAM) 保持通电型存储器

Kickdown (自动变速器的)强制降挡

Magnetic pulse generator 磁脉冲信号发生器

Magnetism 磁力

Magnitude 幅值

Mainline pressure 主管路压力

Malleable 可锻的,韧性的

Manifold absolute pressure进气歧管绝对压力

MAP sensor进气歧管绝对压力传感器

Margin 气门头边缘厚度

Mass 质量

Mass airflow (MAF) sensor 空气质量流量传感器

Master cylinder 制动主缸

Material safety data sheets 化学物质安全信息表

Matter 物质,物体

Mechanical efficiency 机械效率

Memory 内存

Mesh 啮合

Metering valve节压阀

Methanol 甲醇

Microprocessor 微处理器

Millisecond 毫秒

Misfiring 缺火,失火(指点火中断)

Molecule 分子

Momentum 动量,动力

Monolith (常用来表示催化转化器中催化剂的)蜂窝状整体式陶瓷载体

Muffler 消声器

Multimeter 万用表

Multiviscosity oil 多级润滑油

Newton-meter (N•m) 牛•米

Nickel-metal hydride (NiMH) 镍金属轻化合物

Nodular iron 球墨铸铁

Normally aspirated 自然吸气的,非增压的

Octane number 辛烷值

OEM parts 原厂零件

Pickup coil拾波线圈,传感器的电磁感应线圈

Piezoresistive 压敏电阻的,压阻现象的

Pilot bushing 导向轴承

Pinion gear (两个相互啮合中的)小齿轮

Pintle 针阀

Piston 活塞

Piston rings 活塞环

Pitch 螺距,间距,齿距

Pitch gauge 螺距规,螺纹样板

Pitman arm 转向摇臂

Pitting 锈斑,点蚀穴蚀,局部锈蚀

Planetary gear set 行星齿轮机构

Plasma 等离子体

Plastigage(测曲轴轴承游隙用的)塑料线间隙规

Play 运动

Plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV) 插入式混合动力电动汽车

Pneumatic 气动的

Polarity 极性

Polyglycol聚乙二醇

Poppet valve 菌状气门

Porosity (金属件中的)细孔,气孔

Port fuel injection进气口燃油喷射

Positive displacement pumps 容积泵

Postcombustion control systems 二次燃烧控制系统

Potential energy 势能,位能

Potentiometer 电位计

Power 功率,动力

Power brake booster 制动助力器

Power split device 动力分配装置

Power steering pump 助力转向泵

Precombustion control system 预燃烧控制系统

Preheating 预热

Preignition 早燃,过早点火

Rectify 整流

Reduction 还原(还原反应)

Reference voltage 基准电压

Reformer 裂化碳氢化合物与水蒸气反应产生氢气的装置

Reformulated gasoline (RFG) 改质汽油,重整汽油

Refrigerant 制冷剂

Regenerative braking 再生制动,能量回收式制动

Relay 继电器

Relief 浮雕花纹,凸纹

Reluctance 磁阻

Renewable fuels 可再生燃料

Residual 剩余压力,残余压力

Residue 残余,残渣

Resilience 弹性,弹力,弹性能

Resistance 电阻

Resonator(汽车)辅助消声器

Reverse bias 反向偏压

Rheostat 可变电阻

Rich 浓的

Ring gear 齿圈,冠轮

Road crown 路拱

Rolling resistance 滚动阻力

Rotary 旋转的,滚动的

Rotary oil flow 旋转的油流

Rotor 转子

Rotor-type oil pump 转子式机油泵

Room temperature vulcanizing (RTV) 常温硫化,室温硫化

Sampling 取样

Saturation 饱和,磁性饱和

Scale 标度

Schematics 图表

Score 划痕

Solution 溶液,溶解

Solvent 溶剂,有溶解力的

Spark plug 火花塞

Specific gravity 比重

Speed 速度

Speed ratio 速比

Splay 展开

Splice 铰接,接头

Spline 花键

Sponginess (制动踏板的)海绵感

Spontaneous combustion 自燃

Spool valve 滑阀

Spring 弹簧

Spur gear 直齿圆柱齿轮

Square wave 方波

Squib (安全气囊的)引爆装置

Squirm 摇摆,滑磨

Stainless steel 不锈钢

Stall speed (液力变矩器等的)零速转速

Stamping 印模,冲压

Starter relay 启动继电器

Static balance 静平衡

Static pressure 静压力

Stator 定子,(液力变矩器的)导轮

Steering axis inclination (SAI) 转向轴线内倾

Stellite 钨铬钴合金,硬合金

Step-up transformer 升压变压器

Stoichiometric 化学当量的,化学计算的

Stress 压力

Stroke 冲程

Strut 滑柱

Substrate (催化转化器的)载体

Suction 吸入,真空度

Sulfation 硫化现象

Tracking 追迹行驶(顺前车旧辙行驶)

Traction 牵引力,附着力,抓地力

Traction motor (电动汽车的)牵引电动机

Tractive effort 牵引力

Tramp (汽车同一车桥左、右两个车轮)反向跳振

Transaxle 变速驱动桥

Transfer case 分动器

Transistor晶体管,三极管

Transverse 横向的

Trouble codes 故障码

Turbo boost 废气涡轮增压

Turbocharger 涡轮增压器

Turbulence 紊流

Turning torque 旋转转矩

Two-mode hybrid system 双模式混合动力系统

Ultracapacitors 电容器

Ultrasonic cleaning 超声波清洗

Undersquare亚方型发动机(冲程缸径比大于1的发动机)

Universal joint 万向节

Urea 尿素

Vacuum 真空

Valve 气门

Valve body 阀体

Valve lifter 气门挺柱

Valve seat 气门座

Valve spring 气门弹簧

Vapor 水蒸气,蒸发

Vapor lock 气阻

Variable nozzle turbine turbocharger (VNT) 可变(截面)喷嘴涡轮增压器

Variable-rate coil spring 变刚度弹簧

Variable resistor 可变电阻

Variable valve timing (VVT) 可变气门正时

纯情的小伙
大气的凉面
2026-05-05 23:13:46
以下翻译请楼主费心审阅。

The ionic conductivity of a polymer electrolyte depends on the concentration of the conducting species and their mobility. 聚合物电解质的离子电导率取决于导电物质的浓度和它们的迁移性。The low ionic conductivity in a polymer complex resulting from the crystalline phase that affects the mobility of ions could be overcome by blending, plasticizing, etc. 在一种由结晶相(这会影响离子的迁移性)产生的聚合物复合材料中的低离子电导率可以通过共混和增塑等方法来克服。In this work, blended polymer electrolytes with polymers PVC, PEG, and inorganic salt LiClO4 with different concentrations of ceramic filler (TiO2) were prepared.在本研究中, 我们用聚合物PVC(聚氯乙烯)、PEG(聚乙二醇)和无机盐LiClO4,以不同浓度陶瓷填充剂(TiO2)制备了共混的聚合物电解质。The weight ratios between PVC:PEG:LiClO4 were kept constant throughout, and the wt.% of TiO2 was varied (0, 5, 10,15, 20). PVC:PEG:LiClO4 之间的重量比始终保持不变,而TiO2的wt%(质量分数)则是变化的(0,5,10,15,20)。The polymer films so obtained were flexible, opaque, and free standing. 这样获得的聚合物薄膜是柔软而不透明的,而且是自支撑的。The ionic conductivity measurements have been carried out on these polymer electrolytes by employing variable frequency complex AC impedance technique (LCZ 3330 meter, Keithley, USA, in the frequency range 40–100 kHz).对这些聚合物电解质已进行了离子电导率的测量,采用的是可变频率复合交流阻抗技术(LCZ 3330仪表,美国Keithley公司,频率范围40-100kHz)。The thin films of the polymer complex were sandwiched between the two stainless steel electrodes attached to the conductivity jig specially designed for the ionic conductivity measurements. 这种聚合物复合材料的薄膜相三明治一样夹在两个不锈钢电极之间,不锈钢电极附着于专门设计用于离子电导率测量的电导率夹紧装置。The two SS electrodes act as blocking electrodes for Li+ ions under an applied electric field.这两个不锈钢电极的作用是在一个施加的电场下作为锂离子的阻塞电极。The conductivity values of the polymer complexes were calculated (using the formula σ=l/RbA) from the bulk resistance obtained from the intercepts of the Cole–Cole plot and are tabulated (Table 1). 这种聚合物复合材料的电导率数值由体电阻计算(用公式σ=l/RbA ),体电阻则由阻抗圆图的截距获得,电导率数值被列于表1中。The polymer electrolytes were also subjected to conductivity studies in the temperature range (300–373 K). The graphical plotting of the variation of Z′ and Z〃 for the polymer compositions are shown in Fig. 3. 该聚合物电解质还受到了(300-373K)温度范围的电导率研究。关于聚合物组分的Z′ and Z〃变化的图形绘制示于图3。Figure 4 depicts the Arrhenius plot of conductivity in PVC–PEG–LiClO4 polymer electrolyte in the form of thin films. 图4描绘了薄膜形式的PVC–PEG–LiClO4 聚合物电解质电导率的阿累尼乌斯图。The non-linearity in Fig. 4 indicates that ion transport in polymer electrolytes is dependent on polymer segmental motion.图4中的非线性现象表明, 在聚合物电解质中的离子输运取决于聚合物的链段运动。Thus, the result may be described by the VTF relation, which describes the transport properties in a viscous matrix.因此,其结果可以用VTF(Vogel-Tamman-Fulcher)关系来描述, 这一关系可以描述一种粘性母料中的输运性质。 It is also observed that as temperature increases, the conductivity values also increase for all the compositions. 我们还观察到,随着温度的升高,所有组分的电导率值也增加。At high temperature, thermal movement of polymer chain segments, and the dissociation of salts are improved, thereby increasing ionic conductivity. 在高温下,聚合物链段的热运动,以及盐的离解得到改善,从而使离子电导率提高。However, at low temperature, the presence of lithium salt leads to salt–polymer or cation–dipole interaction, which increases the cohesive energy of polymer networks. 可是在低温下,锂盐的存在导致了盐-聚合物或阳离子-偶极子的相互作用,这提高了聚合物网络的结合能。

明亮的玉米
深情的小蝴蝶
2026-05-05 23:13:46
C3 species was sensitive to high temperature and C4 species was sensitive to low temperature. By comparison of germination results in all the alternating temperature regimes, we found that high or low temperature, not amplitude acted an important role in the effects of global warming on seed germination. Field experiment showed that more plants germinated in spring, not autumn in Songnen grassland.

C3物种对高温敏感,而C4物种却对低温敏感。将所有在改变温度环境下的萌芽结果进行比较,我们发现全球变暖下扮演影响种子发芽重要角色的是高温或低温,而不是幅度的大小。在松嫩草原的现场试验显示植物发芽更多是在春季而不是秋季。

Germination experiment exhibited that significant differences in germination between diurnal increased and decreased temperature in the spring and autum low ranges 5-10 and 10-15oC, with the former higher. Germination in spring is an adaptive strategy by natural selection. The relationship between germination rate and salinity under different temperatures of C. virgata and D. sanguinalis was curvilinear. We thought there may be some physiological mechanisms, which reduced osmotic stress in the middle and high salinities. This led to the obviously increasing of the germination rate.

萌芽试验显示,在春季与秋季的日昼升温与降温的低限5-10及10-15 °C之间的萌芽差异相当显著,以前者较高。春季的萌芽是自然选择的一种适应性进程。帚状虎尾草和马唐草的萌芽率与不同温度下的盐度之间的关系是曲线型的。我们认为可能存在某些生理学机理,在中及高盐度区降低了渗透应力;这导致萌芽率明显的增加。

Further experiments showed that compared with PEG treatment, seeds can germinate in lower water potential induced by NaCl and germinate faster. Seed dry weight decreased with the time. Water content, seed sodium concentration and seed solution sodium concentration of NaCl treatments were significantly higher than the isotonic PEG treatments. Seed sodium concentration and seed solution sodium concentration of germinating and un-germinating seeds in NaCl treatments increased as the water potential decreased. Water content, seed sodium concentration and seed solution sodium concentration increased linearly with time.

进一步的试验表明,与聚乙二醇水分胁迫对比,种子可以在氯化钠引起的较低水势发芽,并且速度较快。种子的净重随时间降低。水份含量、种子的钠浓度及氯化钠胁迫的种子溶液的钠浓度,都比等渗的聚乙二醇水分胁迫显著的较高。在氯化钠胁迫下正在发芽与没发芽种子的钠浓度及种子溶液的钠浓度,随着水势的降低而升高。水份含量、种子的钠浓度及种子溶液的钠浓度随着时间线性增高。

According to the results, we proposed salinity model: θS = (Sm– S) t, in which θS is salinity constant, Sm is the maximum salinity above which seed can't germinate, S is the external salinity, and t is germination time. The germination response of seed to salt was divided into four stages. The first stage mainly involved negative osmotic effect. In the second stage, ionic effect and osmotic effect existed together, with ionic effect stonger. In the third stage, no seed germinated in PEG treatment and ionic positive effect was largely higher than osmotic effect. In the fourth stage, ionic effect gradually began to harm the seed.

根据结果的分析,我们建议的盐度模式是:θS = (Sm– S) t, 其中θS是盐度的常数,Sm是种子能够发芽的最高限盐度,S是外部的盐度,而t 是发芽时间。种子萌芽对盐分的反应被分为四个阶段;第一阶段主要涉及负面的等渗作用。在第二阶段,离子与等渗效应共存,离子效应较强。第三阶段,在聚乙二醇水分胁迫下没有种子发芽,而离子的正面效应比等渗效应高出许多。在第四阶段,离子效应开始慢慢伤害种子。

注:为了整篇文章的一致性,我也将前段给您翻译如下:

Life-history strategy is the significant research area of plant population ecology. Seed germination is the critical stage of plant life history. Therefore, research on seed germination rule and strategy helps to know and elucidate plant evolution and ecological adaptation traits.

植物种群生态学的重要研究领域是生命史进程。种子的萌芽期是植物生命史的决定性阶段;因此,针对种子的萌芽规律与进程的研究有助于了解和阐明植物的进化及其生态适应性的特质。

Plants in Songnen grassland area were used to test the responses of seed germination to constant temperature and diurnal increased or decreased temperature, the effects of global warming simulated by alternating temperature regimes on seed germination of C3 and C4 species, plant germination pattern and the changes under different constant temperature. The mechanisms of germination responses to NaCl and PEG and the interaction between salt and temperature were also studied. Photosynthetic contribution of cotyledons to seedling growth was evaluated as well.

通过利用中国东北的松嫩草原区域的植物,我们以恒温及日昼的升、降温度来测试种子的萌芽反应,通过模拟全球变暖改变温度环境来观察其对C3及C4物种种子萌芽的影响,植物萌芽的模式,以及在不同的恒温环境下的变化。同时研究的还有萌芽机制对氯化钠和聚乙二醇的反应,以及盐与温度之间所产生的相互作用。另外也对子叶光合作用对幼苗成长的帮助进行评估。

According to the results of constant temperature effects, we proposed the modified thermal time model on the basis of thermal time model and supplemented an equation describing germination rate constant. Germination rate of C3 species was lower than C4 species. According to thermal time model, the average base temperature of C3 species was lower than C4 species, but not significantly. The average thermal time constant of C3 species was higher than C4 species, which approached significant difference.

根据恒温作用的结果,我们推荐修改温时模型,就是在温时模型的基础上补充一个描述萌芽率常数的公式。C3物种的萌芽率要比C4物种较低;根据温时模型显示,C3 物种的平均基准温度比C4 物种的较低但不显著;然而C3物种的平均温时常数要比C4物种较高,而且趋向显著的差异。

In this study, plant seed germination pattern was divided into five categories: quick germination, delayed germination, steady germination, normal germination and delayed-quick germination. Most annual species belonged to quick germination pattern. Perennial C3 species, which distributed to meadow, belonged to delayed-quick germination pattern, normal germination pattern or steady germination pattern. Seed germination pattern of most species changed with temperature, which was an adaptive strategy to environments. Under global warming simulated by alternating temperature regimes conditions, germination traits of C3 and C4 species changed.

本研究中的植物种子萌芽模式被分为五个类别:快速萌芽、延时萌芽、稳态萌芽、正常萌芽和延时-快速萌芽。多数的一年生植物种属于快速发芽模式。分布于草甸的多年生C3物种则属于延时-快速萌芽、正常萌芽或稳态萌芽模式。大多数植物物种的萌芽模式是随着温度而变,这是一种适应环境的进程。随着模拟全球变暖的气温环境条件交替的变化,C3 和C4物种的发芽特征也跟着改变。

【英语牛人团】

纯真的丝袜
满意的蓝天
2026-05-05 23:13:46
有锂 化合物 剧毒 大烟

锰酸 烟 剧毒

锂聚合物电池(英语:lithium polymer,缩写:Li-Po),又称聚合物锂电池、聚锂电池,是一种锂离子电池。锂聚电池通常是由数个相同的平行子电池芯(secondary cells)来增加放电电流,或由数个电池包(pack)串联来增加可用电压。

目前市面上有两种已经商业化的科技都统称为锂离子聚合物(其中「聚合物」代表「电解质隔离聚合物」)。

电池由以下部分组成:

正极:LiCoO2 二氧化锂钴 或 LiMn2O4 四氧化锂二锰

隔膜:导电电解质聚合物 (例如:聚乙二醇,PEO)

负极:锂或锂炭嵌入化合物

典型反应:(放电)

负极:(Carbon-Lix) C + xLi+ + xe−

隔膜: Li+ 导电

正极: Li1−xCoO2 + xLi+ + xe− LiCoO2

总反应:(碳-xLi+ + xe−) + Li1-xCoO2 LiCoO2 + 碳

直率的曲奇
幽默的歌曲
2026-05-05 23:13:46

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