氯化钙属于什么物质

分子式：CaCl2

CAS号：

性质：无色立方结晶。一般商品为白色多孔块状或粒状、蜂窝状。无臭，味微苦。密度2.15g/cm3。熔点782℃。沸点>1600℃。易溶于水，溶于醇、丙酮、醋酸。在常温下由水溶液析出六水氯化钙结晶，加热至200℃时变成二水物，继续加热至260℃变成白色多孔状的无水氯化钙。吸湿性极强，暴露于空气中极易潮解。由二水合氯化钙加热至260℃进行干燥脱水制得。可用已除去砷和重金属的精制中性氯化钙溶液，通过喷嘴喷成雾状，与300℃热气流进行逆流接触达到干燥脱水制得。用作气体的干燥剂，生产醇、酯、醚和丙烯酸树脂时的脱水剂。在食品工业中用作钙质强化剂、固化剂、螯合剂、干燥剂。

氯化钠水中溶解度35.9g(室温),氯化钙在水中溶解度是74.5g(20℃)。

一. 基本概念

氯化钠（NaCl），外观是白色晶体状，其来源主要是在海水中，是食盐的主要成分。易溶于水、甘油，微溶于乙醇、液氨；不溶于浓盐酸。在空气中微有潮解性。稳定性比较好，工业上用于制造纯碱和烧碱及其他化工产品，矿石冶炼，生活上可用于调味品。

二. 基本信息

1.中文名称:氯化钠

2.中文别名:石盐食盐盐水,含盐的,盐湖原盐岩盐氯化钠氯化钠标准溶液

3.CAS:7647-14-5

4.EINECS:231-598-3

5.分子式:NaCl

6.分子量:58.442

三. 作用用途

无机物和有机物工业用作制造氯气、氢气、盐酸、纯碱、烧碱、氯酸盐、氯化钠次氯酸盐、漂白粉、金属钠的原料、冷冻系统的致冷剂，有机合成的原料和盐析药剂。钢铁工业用作热处理剂。高度精制的氯化钠用作生理盐水。食品工业、日常生活中，用于调味等。高温热源中与氯化钾、氯化钡等配成盐浴，可作为加热介质，使温度维持在820～960℃之间。此外、还用于医学，玻璃、染料、冶金等工业。

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1. Product Identification

Synonyms: calcium dichloridecalcium chloride anhydrouscalcium chloride

CAS No.: 10043-52-4

Molecular Weight: 110.98

Chemical Formula: CaCl2

Product Codes:

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2. Composition/Information on Ingredients

IngredientCAS No PercentHazardous

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Calcium Chloride 10043-52-493 - 100%Yes

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3. Hazards Identification

Emergency Overview

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WARNING! CAUSES IRRITATION TO SKIN, EYES AND RESPIRATORY TRACT. HARMFUL IF SWALLOWED OR INHALED.

Health Rating: 1 - Slight

Flammability Rating: 0 - None

Reactivity Rating: 2 - Moderate

Contact Rating: 3 - Severe

Lab Protective Equip: GOGGLESLAB COAT

Storage Color Code: Green (General Storage)

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Potential Health Effects

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Inhalation: Calcium Chloride granular does not pose a significant inhalation hazard, but inhalation of dust may cause irritation to the respiratory tract, with symptoms of coughing and shortness of breath.

Ingestion: Calcium Chloride is low toxicity material but ingestion may cause serious irritation of the mucous membrane due to heat of hydrolysis. Large amounts can cause gastrointestinal upset, vomiting, abdominal pain.

Skin Contact: Calcium Chloride solid may cause mild irritation on dry skinstrong solutions or solid in contact with moist skin may cause severe irritation, even burns.

Eye Contact: Hazard may be either mechanical abrasion or, more serious, burns from heat of hydrolysis and chloride irritation.

Chronic Exposure: No information found.

Aggravation of Pre-existing Conditions: No information found.

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4. First Aid Measures

Inhalation: Remove to fresh air. If not breathing, give artificial respiration. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen. Get medical attention.

Ingestion: Induce vomiting immediately as directed by medical personnel. Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person. Get medical attention.

Skin Contact: Wipe off excess material from skin then immediately flush skin with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes. Remove contaminated clothing and shoes. Get medical attention. Wash clothing before reuse. Thoroughly clean shoes before reuse.

Eye Contact: Immediately flush eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes, lifting lower and upper eyelids occasionally. Get medical attention immediately.

Note to Physician: Oral ingestion may cause serum acidosis.

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5. Fire Fighting Measures

Fire: Calcium Chloride is not considered to be a fire hazard.

Explosion: Calcium Chloride not considered to be an explosion hazard.

Fire Extinguishing Media: For Calcium Chloride use any means suitable for extinguishing surrounding fire.

Special Information: In the event of a fire, wear full protective clothing and NIOSH-approved self-contained breathing apparatus with full facepiece operated in the pressure demand or other positive pressure mode. At high temperatures or when moistened under fire conditions, calcium chloride may produce toxic or irritating fumes.

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6. Accidental Release Measures

Ventilate area of leak or spill. Wear appropriate personal protective equipment as specified in Section 8. Spills: Sweep up and containerize for reclamation or disposal. Vacuuming or wet sweeping may be used to avoid dust dispersal. Small amounts of residue may be flushed to sewer with plenty of water.

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7. Handling and Storage

Keep in a tightly closed container, stored in a cool, dry, ventilated area. Protect against physical damage. Moist calcium chloride and concentrated solutions can corrode steel. When exposed to the atmosphere, calcium chloride will absorb water and form a solution. Containers of this material may be hazardous when empty since they retain product residues (dust, solids)observe all warnings and precautions listed for the product.

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8. Exposure Controls/Personal Protection

Airborne Exposure Limits: None established.

Ventilation System: A system of local and/or general exhaust is recommended to keep employee exposures as low as possible. Local exhaust ventilation is generally preferred because it can control the emissions of the contaminant at its source, preventing dispersion of it into the general work area. Please refer to the ACGIH document, Industrial Ventilation, A Manual of Recommended Practices, most recent edition, for details.

Personal Respirators (NIOSH Approved): For conditions of use where exposure to dust or mist is apparent and engineering controls are not feasible, a particulate respirator (NIOSH type N95 or better filters) may be worn. If oil particles (e.g. lubricants, cutting fluids, glycerin, etc.) are present, use a NIOSH type R or P filter. For emergencies or instances where the exposure levels are not known, use a full-face positive-pressure, air-supplied respirator. WARNING: Air-purifying respirators do not protect workers in oxygen-deficient atmospheres.

Skin Protection: Wear protective gloves and clean body-covering clothing.

Eye Protection: Use chemical safety goggles and/or full face shield where dusting or splashing of solutions is possible. Maintain eye wash fountain and quick-drench facilities in work area.

Other Control Measures: Maintain good housekeeping in work area. Dust deposits on floors and other surfaces may pick up moisture and cause the surfaces to become slippery and present safety hazards.

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9. Physical and Chemical Properties

Appearance: White or gray-white granules.

Odor: Odorless.

Solubility: Freely soluble in water, exothermic.

Density: 2.15

pH: 8 - 9 Aqueous solution

% Volatiles by volume @ 21C (70F): 0

Boiling Point: >1600C (>2912F)

Melting Point: 772C (1422F)

Vapor Density (Air=1): No information found.

Vapor Pressure (mm Hg): No information found.

Evaporation Rate (BuAc=1): No information found.

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10. Stability and Reactivity

Stability: Calcium Chloride is stable under ordinary conditions of use and storage. Calcium Chloride will pick up moisture from the air and go into solution if exposed in open containers.

Hazardous Decomposition Products: Calcium Chloride emits toxic chlorine fumes when heated to decomposition. Calcium Chloride may form hydrogen chloride in presence of sulfuric or phosphoric acids or with water at elevated temperatures.

Hazardous Polymerization: Will not occur.

Incompatibilities: Methyl vinyl ether, water, zinc, bromine trifluoride, mixtures of lime and boric acid, barium chloride, and 2-furan percarboxylic acid. Metals will slowly corrode in aqueous calcium chloride solutions. Aluminum (and alloys) and yellow brass will be attacked by calcium chloride.

Conditions to Avoid: Incompatibles.

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11. Toxicological Information

Oral rat LD50: 1000 mg/kg. Investigated as a tumorigen and mutagen.

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12. Ecological Information

Environmental Fate: Based on available information for Calcium Chloride anhydrous, this material will not biodegrade or bioaccumulate.

Environmental Toxicity: The LC50/96-hour values for fish are over 100 mg/l.

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13. Disposal Considerations

Whatever cannot be saved for recovery or recycling should be managed in an appropriate and approved waste disposal facility. Processing, use or contamination of this product may change the waste management options. State and local disposal regulations may differ from federal disposal regulations. Dispose of container and unused contents in accordance with federal, state and local requirements.

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14. Transport Information

Not regulated.

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15. Regulatory Information

Chemical Weapons Convention: No TSCA 12(b): No CDTA: No

SARA 311/312: Acute: Yes Chronic: No Fire: No Pressure: No

Reactivity: No (Pure / Solid)

Australian Hazchem Code: None allocated.

Poison Schedule: None allocated.

WHMIS:

This MSDS has been prepared according to the hazard criteria of the Controlled Products Regulations (CPR) and the MSDS contains all of the information required by the CPR.

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16. Other Information

NFPA Ratings: Health: 1 Flammability: 0 Reactivity: 1

Label Hazard Warning:

WARNING! CAUSES IRRITATION TO SKIN, EYES AND RESPIRATORY TRACT. HARMFUL IF SWALLOWED OR INHALED.

Label Precautions:

Avoid contact with eyes, skin and clothing.

Wash thoroughly after handling.

Avoid breathing dust.

Keep container closed.

Use only with adequate ventilation.

Label First Aid:

If swallowed, induce vomiting immediately as directed by medical personnel. Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person. In case of contact, wipe off excess material from skin then immediately flush eyes or skin with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes. Remove contaminated clothing and shoes. Wash clothing before reuse. If inhaled, remove to fresh air. If not breathing, give artificial respiration. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen. In all cases, get medical attention.

Disclaimer:

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Our company provides this Calcium Chloride MSDS information contained herein in good faith but makes no representation as to its comprehensiveness or accuracy. This Calcium Chloride MSDS document is intended only as a guide to the appropriate precautionary handling of the material by a properly trained person using this product. Individuals receiving the information must exercise their independent judgment in determining its appropriateness for a particular purpose. OUR COMPANY MAKES NO REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES, EITHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION ANY WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE WITH RESPECT TO THE INFORMATION SET FORTH IN THIS MSDS OR THE PRODUCT TO WHICH THE INFORMATION REFERS. ACCORDINGLY, OUR COMPANY WILL NOT BE RESPONSIBLE FOR DAMAGES RESULTING FROM USE OF OR RELIANCE UPON THIS MSDS.

中文名称：无水氯化钙

英文名称：Calcium chloride anhydrous

化学式：CaCl2

分子量：110.98

CAS：10043-52-4

HS：2827200000

性 状：无水氯化钙为白色立方结晶或粉末，有强吸湿性，相对密度2.15,熔点775℃,沸点1935.5℃。易溶于水和乙醇。

用 途：用于各种物质的干燥剂，此外还有马路防尘，土质改良剂，冷冻剂。用于化学试剂、医药原料、食品添加剂、饲料添加剂及制造金属钙的原料。也用于脱水剂、上桨剂、净水剂。

规格：

分析纯（HG/T 3208-60）

外观 ----------------------------------------合格

含量(CaCl2) /% -------------------------≥96.0

不溶物及氢氧化铵沉淀物/% ----------≤0.015

游离碱[以Ca(OH)2计] /% -------------≤0.020

磷酸盐(PO4) /% ------------------------≤0.003

硫酸盐(SO4) /% ------------------------≤0.020

硝酸盐(NO3) /% ---------------------------合格

钡(Ba) /% -----------------------------------合格

重金属(以Pb计) /% ---------------------≤0.001

铁(Fe) /% --------------------------------≤0.001

锌(Zn) /% --------------------------------≤0.01

镁及碱金属(以硫酸盐计) /% ----------≤0.30

砷(As) /% --------------------------------≤0.000 3

化学纯(HG/T 3208-60)

外观 ----------------------------------------合格

含量(CaCl2) /% -------------------------≥96.0

不溶物及氢氧化铵沉淀物/% ----------≤0.03

游离碱[以Ca(OH)2计] /% -------------≤0.04

磷酸盐(PO4) /% ------------------------≤0.003

硫酸盐(SO4) /% ------------------------≤0.02

硝酸盐(NO3) /% -------------------------合格

钡(Ba) /% ---------------------------------合格

重金属(以Pb计) /% --------------------≤0.002

铁(Fe) /% -------------------------------≤0.002

锌(Zn) /% -------------------------------≤0.01

镁及碱金属(以硫酸盐计) /%--------- ≤0.60

砷(As) /% ------------------------------≤0.000 3

分析纯、化学纯主要用于化学试剂、医药原料、食品添加剂、饲料添加剂等

工业级一级(HG/T 2327-2004)

外观-------------------白色或稍带黄色粉色的固体

含量(CaCl2) /% ------------------------------≥94.0

总碱金属氯化物(以NaCl计)/%--------------≤7.0

总镁(以MgCl2计)/%--------------------------≤0.5

碱度[以Ca(OH)2计]-/%----------------------≤0.4

水不溶物/%------------------------------------≤0.3

粒度协商

工业级二级(HG/T 2327-2004)

外观-白色或稍带黄色粉色的固体

含量(CaCl2) /% ≥90.0

总碱金属氯化物(以NaCl计)/%-≤7.0

总镁(以MgCl2计)/%-≤0.5

碱度[以Ca(OH)2计]-/%-≤0.4

水不溶物/%≤0.3

粒度协商

是乙醇。

乙醇在常温常压下是一种易燃、易挥发的无色透明液体，低毒性，纯液体不可直接饮用；具有特殊香味，并略带刺激；微甘，并伴有刺激的辛辣滋味。易燃，其蒸气能与空气形成爆炸性混合物，能与水以任意比互溶。

能与氯仿、乙醚、甲醇、丙酮和其他多数有机溶剂混溶，相对密度（d15.56）0.816。

乙醇的用途很广，可用乙醇制造醋酸、饮料、香精、染料、燃料等。医疗上也常用体积分数为70%~75%的乙醇作消毒剂等，在国防化工、医疗卫生、食品工业、工农业生产中都有广泛的用途。

乙醇与二甲醚（即甲醚）互为官能团异构体。

扩展资料：

乙醇液体密度是0.789g/cm³，乙醇气体密度为1.59kg/m³，相对密度（d15.56）0.816，式量（相对分子质量）为46.07g/mol。沸点是78.2℃，14℃闭口闪点，熔点是-114.3℃。纯乙醇是无色透明的液体，有特殊香味，易挥发。

乙醇的物理性质主要与其低碳直链醇的性质有关。分子中的羟基可以形成氢键，因此乙醇黏性大，也不及相近相对分子质量的有机化合物极性大。

20℃下，乙醇的折射率为1.3611。

溶解性

能与水以任意比互溶；可混溶于醚、氯仿、甲醇、丙酮、甘油等多数有机溶剂。

乙醇是一种很好的溶剂，能溶解许多物质，所以常用乙醇来溶解植物色素或其中的药用成分；也常用乙醇作为反应的溶剂，使参加反应的有机物和无机物均能溶解，增大接触面积，提高反应速率。

例如，在油脂的皂化反应中，加入乙醇既能溶解NaOH，又能溶解油脂，让它们在均相（同一溶剂的溶液）中充分接触，加快反应速率。

潮解性

由于存在氢键，乙醇具有较强的潮解性，可以很快从空气中吸收水分。

羟基的极性也使得很多离子化合物可溶于乙醇中，如氢氧化钠、氢氧化钾、氯化镁、氯化钙、氯化铵、溴化铵和溴化钠等；但氯化钠和氯化钾微溶于乙醇。此外，其非极性的烃基使得乙醇也可溶解一些非极性的物质，例如大多数香精油和很多增味剂、增色剂和医药试剂。

参考资料来源：百度百科-乙醇