急需，建筑学英语词汇，请问哪里可以下载？
英语建筑专业词汇
a. DESIGN BASIS 设计依据
b. DESIGN STAGE 设计阶段
c. CLIMATE CONDITION 气象条件
d. GENERAL ROOM NAME 常用房间名称
e. ROOFING &CEILING 屋面及天棚
f. WALL(CLADDING) 墙体(外墙板)
g. FLOOR &TRENCH 地面及地沟
h. DOORS 、GLASS、WINDOWS &IRONMONGERY(HARDWARE)门、玻璃、窗及五金件
I. STAIRCASE、LANDING &LIFT(ELEVATOR)楼梯、休息平台及电梯
j. BUILDING MATERIAL WORDS AND PHRASES 建筑材料词汇及短语
【 Bricks and Tiles 砖和瓦】
【Lime, Sand and Stone 灰、砂和石】
【Cement, Mortar and Concrete 水泥、砂浆和混凝土】
【Facing And Plastering Materials 饰面及粉刷材料】
【Asphalt (Bitumen) and Asbestos 沥青和石棉】
【Timber 木材】
【Metallic Materials 金属材料】
【Non-Ferrous Metal 有色金属】
【Anti-Corrosion Materials 防腐蚀材料】
【Building Hardware 建筑五金】
【Paint 油漆】
k. OTHER ARCHITECTURAL TERMS 其它建筑术语
【Discipline 专业】
【Conventional Terms 一般通用名词】
【Architectural Physics 建筑物理】
【Name Of Professional role 职务名称】
【Drafting 制图】
a. DESIGN BASIS 设计依据
计划建议书 planning proposals
设计任务书 design order
标准规范standards and codes
条件图 information drawing
设计基础资料 basic data for design
工艺流程图 process flowchart
工程地质资料 engineering geological data
原始资料 original data
设计进度 schedule of design
b. STAGE OF DESIGN 设计阶段
方案 scheme, draft
草图 sketch
会谈纪要summary of discussion
谈判 negotiation
可行性研究 feasibility study
初步设计 preliminary design
基础设计 basic design
详细设计 detail design
询价图 enquiry drawing
施工图 working drawing, construction drawing
竣工图 as built drawing
c. CLIMATE CONDITION 气象条件
日照 sunshine
风玫瑰 wind rose
主导风向 prevailing wind direction
最大(平均)风速 maximum (mean) wind velocity
风荷载 wind load
最大(平均)降雨量 maximum (mean) rainfall
雷击及闪电 thunder and lightning
飓风 hurricane
台风 typhoon
旋风 cyclone
降雨强度rainfall intensity
年降雨量 annual rainfall
湿球温度 wet bulb temperature
干球温度 dry bulb temperature
冰冻期 frost period
冰冻线 frost line
冰冻区 frost zone
室外计算温度 calculating outdoor temperature
采暖地区 region with heating provision
不采暖地区 region without heating provision
绝对大气压 absolute atmospheric pressure
相对湿度 relative humidity
d. GENERAL ROOM NAME 常用房间名称
办公室 office
服务用房 service room
换班室 shift room
休息室 rest room (break room)
起居室 living room
浴室 bathroom
淋浴间 shower
更衣室 locker room
厕所 lavatory
门厅 lobby
诊室 clinic
工作间 workshop
电气开关室 switchroom
走廊 corridor
档案室 archive
电梯机房 lift motor room
车库 garage
清洁间 cleaning room
会议室(正式) conference room
会议室 meeting room
衣柜间 ward robe
暖风间 H.V.A.C room
饭店 restaurant
餐厅 canteen, dining room
厨房 kitchen
入口 entrance
接待处 reception area
会计室 accountant room
秘书室 secretary room
电气室 electrical room
控制室 control room
工长室 foreman office
开关柜室 switch gear
前室 antecabinet (Ante.)
生产区 production area
马达控制中心 Mcc
多功能用房 utility room
化验室 laboratory room
经理室 manager room
披 屋(阁楼) penthouse
警卫室 guard house
e. ROOFING AND CEILING 屋面及天棚
女儿墙 parapet
雨蓬 canopy
屋脊 roof ridge
坡度 slope
坡跨比 pitch
分水线 water-shed
二毡三油 2 layers of felt &3 coats of bitumastic
附加油毡一层 extra ply of felt
檐口 eave
挑檐 overhanging eave
檐沟 eave gutter
平屋面 flat roof
坡屋面 pitched roof
雨水管 downspout, rain water pipe)(R.W.P)
汇水面积 catchment area
泛水 flashing
内排水 interior drainage
外排水 exterior drainage
滴水 drip
屋面排水 roof drainage
找平层 leveling course
卷材屋面 built-up roofing
天棚 ceiling
檩条 purlin
屋面板 roofing board
天花板 ceiling board
防水层 water-proof course
检查孔 inspection hole
人孔 manhole
吊顶 suspended ceiling, false ceiling
檐板(窗帘盒) cornice
f. WALL (CLADDING) 墙体(外墙板)
砖墙 brick wall
砌块墙 block wall
清水砖墙 brick wall without plastering
抹灰墙 rendered wall
石膏板墙 gypsum board, plaster board
空心砖墙 hollow brick wall
承重墙 bearing wall
非承重墙 non-bearing wall
纵墙 longitudinal wall
横墙 transverse wall
外墙 external (exterior) wall
内墙 internal (interior) wall
填充墙 filler wall
防火墙 fire wall
窗间墙 wall between window
空心墙 cavity wall
压顶 coping
圈梁 gird, girt, girth
玻璃隔断 glazed wall
防潮层 damp-proof course (D.P.C)
遮阳板 sunshade
阳台 balcony
伸缩缝 expansion joint
沉降缝 settlement joint
抗震缝 seismic joint
复合夹心板 sandwich board
压型单板 corrugated single steel plate
外墙板 cladding panel
复合板 composite panel
轻质隔断 light-weight partition
牛腿 bracket
砖烟囱 brick chimney
勒脚(基座) plinth
g. FLOOR AND TRENCH 地面及地沟
地坪 grade
地面和楼面 ground and floor
素土夯实 rammed earth
炉渣夯实 tamped cinder
填土 filled earth
回填土夯实 tamped backfill
垫层 bedding course, blinding
面层 covering, finish
结合层 bonding (binding) course
找平层 leveling course
素水泥浆结合层 neat cement binding course
混凝土地面 concrete floor
水泥地面 cement floor
机器磨平混凝土地面 machine trowelled concrete floor
水磨石地面 terrazzo flooring
马赛克地面 mosaic flooring
瓷砖地面 ceramic tile flooring
油地毡地面 linoleum flooring
预制水磨 石地面 precast terrazzo flooring
硬木花地面 hard-wood parquet flooring
搁栅 joist
硬木毛地面 hard-wood rough flooring
企口板地面tongued and grooved flooring
防酸地面 acid-resistant floor
钢筋混凝土楼板 reinforced concrete slab (R.C Slab)
乙烯基地面 vinyl flooring
水磨石嵌条 divider strip for terrazzo
地面做2％坡 floor with 2% slope
集水沟 gully
集水口 gulley
排水沟 drainage trench
沟盖板 trench cover
活动盖板 removable cover plate
集水坑 sump pit
孔翻边 hole up stand
电缆沟 cable trench
h. DOORS,GLASS,WINDOWS &IRONMONGERY(HARDWARE)门、玻璃、窗及五金件
木 (钢)门 wooden (steel) door
镶板门 panelled door
夹板门 plywood door
铝合金门 aluminum alloy door
卷帘门 roller shutter door
弹簧门 swing door
推拉门 sliding door
平开门 side-hung door
折叠门 folding door
旋转门 revolving door
玻璃门 glazed door
密闭门 air-Tight door
保温门 thermal insulating door
镀锌铁丝网门 galvanized steel wire mesh door
防火门 fire door
(大门上的)小门 wicket
门框 door frame
门扇 door leaf
门洞 door opening
结构开洞 structural opening
单扇门 single door
双扇门 double door
疏散门 emergency door
纱门 screen door
门槛 door sill
门过梁 door lintel
上冒头 top rail
下冒头 bottom rail
门边木 stile
门樘侧料 side jumb
槽口 notch
木窗 wooden window
钢窗 steel window
铝合金窗 aluminum alloy window
百叶窗 (通风为主) sun-bind, louver (louver, shutter, blind)
塑钢窗 plastic steel window
空腹钢窗 hollow steel window
固定窗 fixed window
平开窗 side-hung window
推拉窗 sliding window
气窗 transom
上悬窗 top-hung window
中悬窗 center-pivoted window
下悬窗 hopper window
活动百叶窗 adjustable louver
天窗 skylight
老虎窗 dormer window
密封双层玻璃 sealed double glazing
钢筋混凝土过梁 reinforced concrete lintel
钢筋砖过梁 reinforced brick lintel
窗扇 casement sash
窗台 window sill
窗台板 window board
窗中梃 mullion
窗横木 mutin
窗边木 stile
压缝条 cover mould
窗帘盒 curtain box
合页(铰链) hinge (butts)
转轴 pivot
长脚铰链 parliament hinge
闭门器 door closer
地弹簧 floor closer
插销 bolt
门锁 door lock
拉手 pull
链条 chain
门钩 door hanger
碰球 ball latch
窗钩 window catch
暗插销 insert bolt
电动开关器 electric opener
平板玻璃 plate glass
夹丝玻璃 wire glass
透明玻璃 clear glass
毛玻璃(磨砂玻璃) ground glass (frosted glass)
防弹玻璃 bullet-proof glass
石英玻璃 quartz glass
吸热玻璃 heat absorbing glass
磨光玻璃 polished glass
着色玻璃 pigmented glass
玻璃瓦 glass tile
玻璃砖 glass block
有机玻璃 organic glass
I. STAIRCASE, LANDING &LIFT (ELEVATOR) 楼梯、休息平台及电梯
楼梯 stair
楼梯间 staircase
疏散梯 emergency stair
旋转梯 spiral stair (circular stair)
吊车梯 crane ladder
直爬梯 vertical ladder
踏步 step
扇形踏步 winder (wheel step)
踏步板 tread
档步板 riser
踏步宽度 tread width
防滑条 non-slip insert (strips)
栏杆 railing (balustrade)
平台栏杆 platform railing
吊装孔栏杆 railing around mounting hole
扶手 handrail
梯段高度 height of flight
防护梯笼 protecting cage (safety cage)
平台 landing (platform)
操作平台 operating platform
装卸平台 platform for loading &unloading
楼梯平台 stair landing
客梯 passenger lift
货梯 goods lift
客/货两用梯 goods/passenger lift
液压电梯 hydraulic lift
自动扶梯 escalator
观光电梯 observation elevator
电梯机房 lift mortar room
电梯坑 lift pit
电梯井道 lift shaft
j. BUILDING MATERIAL WORDS AND PHRASES 建筑材料词汇及短语
Bricks and Tiles 砖和瓦
红砖 red brick
粘土砖 clay brick
瓷砖 glazed brick (ceramic tile)
防火砖 fire brick
空心砖 hollow brick
面砖 facing brick
地板砖 flooring tile
缸砖 clinkery brick
马赛克 mosaic
陶粒混凝土 ceramsite concrete
琉璃瓦 glazed tile
脊瓦 ridge tile
石棉瓦 asbestos tile (shingle)
波形石棉水泥瓦 corrugated asbestos cement sheet
Lime, Sand and Stone 灰、砂和石
石膏 gypsum
大理石 marble
汉白玉 white marble
花岗岩 granite
碎石 crushed stone
毛石 rubble
蛭石 vermiculite
珍珠岩 pearlite
水磨石 terrazzo
卵石 cobble
砾石 gravel
粗砂 course sand
中砂 medium sand
细砂 fine sand
Cement, Mortar and Concrete 水泥、砂浆和混凝土
波特兰水泥(普通硅酸盐水泥) Portland cement
硅酸盐水泥 silicate cement
火山灰水泥 pozzolana cement
白水泥 white cement
水泥砂浆 cement mortar
石灰砂浆 lime mortar
水泥石灰砂浆(混合砂浆) cement-lime mortar
保温砂浆 thermal mortar
防水砂浆 water-proof mortar
耐酸砂浆 acid-resistant mortar
耐碱砂浆 alkaline-resistant mortar
沥青砂浆 bituminous mortar
纸筋灰 paper strip mixed lime mortar
麻刀灰 hemp cut lime mortar
灰缝 mortar joint
素混凝土 plain concrete
钢筋混凝土 reinforced concrete
轻质混凝土 lightweight concrete
细石混凝土 fine aggregate concrete
沥青混凝土 asphalt concrete
泡沫混凝土 foamed concrete
炉渣混凝土 cinder concrete
Facing And Plastering Materials 饰面及粉刷材料
水刷石 granitic plaster
斩假石 artificial stone
刷浆 lime wash
可赛银 casein
大白浆 white wash
麻刀灰打底 hemp cuts and lime as base
喷大白浆两道 sprayed twice with white wash
分格抹水泥砂浆 cement mortar plaster sectioned
板条抹灰 lath and plaster
Asphalt(Bitumen) and Asbestos 沥青和石棉
沥青卷材 asphalt felt
沥青填料 asphalt filler
沥青胶泥 asphalt grout
冷底子油 adhesive bitumen primer
沥青玛啼脂 asphaltic mastic
沥青麻丝 bitumastic oakum
石棉板 asbestos sheet
石棉纤维 asbestos fiber
Timber 木材
裂缝 crack
透裂 split
环裂 shake
干缩 shrinkage
翘曲 warping
原木 log
圆木 round timber
方木 square timber
板材 plank
木条 batten
板条 lath
木板 board
红松 red pine
白松 white pine
落叶松 deciduous pine
云杉 spruce
柏木 cypress
白杨 white poplar
桦木 birch
冷杉 fir
栎木 oak
榴木 willow
榆木 elm
杉木 cedar
柚木 teak
樟木 camphor wood
防腐处理的木材 preservative-treated lumber
胶合板 plywood
三(五)合板 3(5)-plywood
企口板 tongued and grooved board
层夹板 laminated plank
胶合层夹木材 glue-laminated lumber
纤维板 fiber-board
竹子 bamboo
Metallic Materials 金属材料
黑色金属 ferrous metal
圆钢 steelbBar
方钢 square steel
扁钢 steel strap,flat steel
型钢 steel section (shape)
槽钢 channel
角钢 angle steel
等边角钢 equal-leg angle
不等边角钢 unequal-leg angle
工字钢 I-beam
宽翼缘工字钢 wide flange I-beam
丁( 之)字钢 T-bar (Z-bar)
冷弯薄壁型钢 light gauge cold-formed steel shape
热轧 hot-rolled
冷轧 cold-rolled
冷拉 cold-drawn
冷压 cold-pressed
合金钢 alloy steel
钛合金 titanium alloy
不锈钢 stainless steel
竹节钢筋 corrugated steel bar
变形钢筋 deformed bar
光圆钢筋 plain round bar
钢板 steel plate
薄钢板 thin steel plate
低碳钢 low carbon steel
冷弯 cold bending
钢管 steel pipe (tube)
无缝钢管 seamless steel pipe
焊接钢管 welded steel pipe
黑铁管 iron pipe
镀锌钢管 galvanized steel pipe
铸铁 cast iron
生铁 pig iron
熟铁 wrought iron
镀锌铁皮 galvanized steel sheet
镀锌铁丝 galvanized steel wire
钢丝网 steel wire mesh
多孔金属网 expanded metal
锰钢 managanese steel
高强度合金钢 high strength alloy steel
Non-Ferrous Metal 有色金属
金 gold
白金 platinum
铜 copper
黄铜 brass
青铜 bronze
银 silver
铝 aluminum
铅 lead
Anti-Corrosion Materials 防腐蚀材料
聚乙烯 polythene, polyethylene
尼龙 nylon
聚氯乙烯 PVC (polyvinyl chloride)
聚碳酸酯 polycarbonate
聚苯乙烯 polystyrene
丙烯酸树酯 acrylic resin
乙烯基酯 vinyl ester
橡胶内衬 rubber lining
氯丁橡胶 neoprene
沥青漆 bitumen paint
环氧树脂漆 epoxy resin paint
氧化锌底漆 zinc oxide primer
防锈漆 anti-rust paint
耐酸漆 acid-resistant paint
耐碱漆 alkali-resistant paint
水玻璃 sodium silicate
树脂砂浆 resin-bonded mortar
环氧树脂 epoxy resin
Building Hardware 建筑五金
钉子 nails
螺纹屋面钉spiral-threaded roofing nail
环纹石膏板钉 annular-ring gypsum board nail
螺丝 screws
平头螺丝 flat-head screw
螺栓 bolt
普通螺栓 commercial bolt
高强螺栓 high strength bolt
预埋螺栓 insert bolt
胀锚螺栓 cinch bolt
垫片 washer
Paint 油漆
底漆 primer
防锈底漆 rust-inhibitive primer
防腐漆 anti-corrosion paint
调和漆 mixed paint
无光漆 flat paint
透明漆 varnish
银粉漆 aluminum paint
磁漆 enamel paint
干性油 drying oil
稀释剂 thinner
焦油 tar
沥青漆 asphalt paint
桐油 tung oil, Chinese wood oil
红丹 red lead
铅油 lead oil
腻子 putty
k. OTHER ARCHITECTURAL TERMS 其它建筑术语
Discipline 专业
建筑 architecture
土木 civil
给排水 water supply and drainage
总图 plot plan
采暖通风 H.V.A.C (heating、ventilation and air conditioning)
电力供应 electric power supply
电气照明 electric lighting
电讯 telecommunication
仪表 instrument
热力供应 heat power supply
动力 mechanical power
工艺 process technology
管道 piping
Conventional Terms 一般通用名词
建筑原理 architectonics
建筑形式 architectural style
民用建筑 civil architecture
城市建筑 urban architecture
农村建筑 rural architecture
农业建筑 farm building
工业建筑 industrial building
重工业的 heavy industrial
轻工业的 light industrial
古代建筑 ancient architecture
现代建筑 modern architecture
标准化建筑 standardized buildings
附属建筑 auxiliary buildings
城市规划 city planning
厂区内 within site
厂区外 offsite
封闭式 closed type
开敞式 open type
半开敞式 semi-open type
模数制 modular system
单位造价 unit cost
概算 preliminary estimate
承包商 constructor, contractor
现场 site
扩建 extension
改建 reconstruction
防火 fire-prevention
防震 aseismatic, quake-proof
防腐 anti-corrosion
防潮 dump-proof
防水 water-proof
防尘 dust-proof
防锈 rust-proof
车流量 traffic volume
货流量 freight traffic volume
人流量 pedestrian volume
透视图 perspective drawing
建筑模型 building model
Architectural Physics 建筑物理
照明 illumination
照度 degree of illumination
亮度 brightness
日照 sunshine
天然采光 natural lighting
光强 light intensity
侧光 side light
顶光 top light
眩光 glaze
方位角 azimuth
辐射 radiation
对流 convection
传导 conduction
遮阳 sun-shade
保温 thermal insulation
恒温 constant temperature
恒湿 constant humidity
噪音 noise
隔音 sound-proof
吸音 sound absorption
露点 dew point
隔汽 vapor-proof
Name Of Professional role 职务名称
项目经理 project manager (PM)
设计经理 design manager
首席建筑师 principal architect
总工程师 chief engineer
土木工程师 civil engineer
工艺工程师 process engineer
电气工程师 electrical engineer
机械工程师 mechanical engineer
计划工程师 planning engineer
助理工程师 assistant engineer
实习生 probationer
专家 specialist, expert
制图员 draftsman
技术员 technician
Drafting 制图
总说明 general specification
工程说明 project specification
采用标准规范目录 list of standards and specification adopted
图纸目录 list of drawings
平面图 plan
局部放大图 detail with enlarged scale
．．．平面示意图 schematic plan of...
．．．平剖面图 sectional plan of...
留孔平面图 plan of provision of holes
剖面 section
纵剖面 longitudinal section
横剖面 cross (transverse) section
立面 elevation
正立面 front elevation
透视图 perspective drawing
侧立面 side elevation
背立面 back elevation
详图 detail drawings
典型节点 typical detail
节点号 detail No.
首页 front page
图纸目录及说明 list of contents and description
图例 legend
示意图 diagram
草图 sketch
荷载简图 load diagram
流程示意图 flow diagram
标准图 standard drawing
．．．布置图 layout of ...
地形图 topographical map
土方工程图 earth-work drawing
展开图 developed drawing
模板图 formwork drawing
配筋 arrangement of reinforcement
表格 tables
工程进度表 working schedule
技术经济指标 technical and economical index
建、构筑物一览表 list of buildings and structures
编号 coding
序列号 serial No.
行和栏 rows and columns
备注 remarks
等级 grade
直线 straight Line
曲线 curves
曲折线 zigzag line
虚线 dotted line
实线 solid line
影线 hatching line
点划线 dot and dash line
轴线 axis
等高线 contour Line
中心线 center Line
双曲线 hyperbola
抛物线 parabola
切线 tangent Line
尺寸线 dimension Line
园形 round
环形 annular
方形 square
矩形 rectangle
平行四边形 parallelogram
三角形 triangle
五角形 pentagon
六角形 hexagon
八角形 octagon
梯形 trapezoid
圆圈 circle
弓形 sagment
扇形 sector
球形的 spherical
抛物面 paraboloid
圆锥形 cone
椭圆形 ellipse, oblong
面积 area
体积 volume
容量 capacity
重量 weight
质量 mass
力 force
米 meter
厘米 centimeter
毫米 millimeter
公顷 hectate
牛顿/平方米 Newton/square meter
千克/立方米 kilogram/cubic meter
英尺 foot
英寸 inch
磅 pound
吨 ton
加仑 gallon
千磅 kip
平均尺寸 average dimension
变尺寸 variable dimension
外形尺寸 overall dimension
展开尺寸 developed dimension
内径 inside diameter
外径 outside diameter
净重 net weight
毛重 gross weight
数量 quantity
百分比 percentage
净空 clearance
净高 headroom
净距 clear distance
净跨 clear span
截面尺寸 sectional dimension
开间 bay
进深 depth
单跨 single span
双跨 double span
多跨 multi-span
标高 elevation, level
绝对标高 absolute elevation
设计标高 designed elevation
室外地面标高 ground elevation
室内地面标高 floor elevation
柱网 column grid
坐标 coordinate
厂区占地 site area
使用面积 usable area
辅助面积 service area
通道面积 passage area
管架 pipe rack
管廊 pipeline gallery
架空管线 overhead pipeline
排水沟 drain ditch
集水坑 sump pit
喷泉 fountain
地漏 floor drain
消火栓 fire hydrant
灭火器 fire extinguisher
二氧化碳灭火器 carbon dioxide extinguisher
卤代烷灭火器 halon extinguisher
还有一部分是建筑词汇的解释，需要的话给我留言喔···这写不下了···
化工管道设计技术词汇（中英对照完整版）
1 管道组成件 Piping component
1.1 管子 Pipe
管子(按照配管标准规格制造的) pipe
管子(不按配管标准规格制造的其他用管) tube
钢管 steel pipe
铸铁管 cast iron pipe
衬里管 lined pipe
复合管 clad pipe
碳钢管 carbon steel pipe
合金钢管 alloy steel pipe
不锈钢 stainless steel pipe
奥氏体不锈钢管 austenitic stainless steel pipe
铁合金钢管 ferritic alloy steel pipe
轧制钢管 wrought-steel pipe
锻铁管 wrought-iron pipe
无缝钢管 seamless (SMLS) steel pipe
焊接钢管 welded steel pipe
电阻焊钢管 electric-resistance welded steel pipe
电熔（弧）焊钢板卷管 electric-fusion (arc)-welded steel-plate pipe
螺旋焊接钢管 spiral welded steel pipe
镀锌钢管 galvanized steel pipe
热轧无缝钢管 hot-rolling seamless pipe
冷拔无缝钢管 cold-drawing seamless pipe
水煤气钢管 water-gas steel pipe
塑料管 plastic pipe
玻璃管 glass tube
橡胶管 rubber tube
直管 run pipestraight pipe
1.2 管件 Fitting
弯头 elbow
异径弯头 reducing elbow
带支座弯头 base elbow
k半径弯头 long radius elbow
短半径弯头 short radius elbow
长半径180°弯头 long radius return
短半径180°弯头 short radius return
带侧向口的弯头（右向或左向） side outlet elbow (right hand or left hand)
双支管弯头（ 形） double branch elbow
三通 tee
异径三通 reducing tee
等径三通 straight tee
带侧向口的三通（右向或左向） side outlet tee (right hand or 1eft hand)
异径三通（分支口为异径） reducing tee (reducing on outlet)
异径三通（一个直通口为异径）reducing tee (reducing on one run)
带支座三通 base tee
异径三通（一个直通口及分支口为异径） reducing tee (reducing on one run and outlet)
异径三通（两个直通口为异径，双头式） reducing tee (reducing on both runs, bull head)
45°斜三通 45° lateral
45°斜三通（支管为异径） 45° lateral (reducing on branch)
45°斜三通(一个直通口为异径) 45° lateral (reducing on one run)
45°斜三通(一个直通口及支管为异径) 45° lateral (reducing on one run and branch)
Y型三通（俗称裤衩） true “Y”
四通 cross
等径四通 straight cross
异径四通 reducing cross
异径四通（一个分支口为异径）reducing cross (reducing on one outlet)
异径四通（一个直通口及分支口为异径） reducing cross (reducing on one run and outlet)
异径四通（两个分支口为异径） reducing cross (reducing on both outlet)
异径四通（一个直通口及两个分支口为异径） reducing cross (reducing on one run and both outlet)
异径管 reducer
同心异径管 concentric reducer
偏心异径管 eccentric reducer
锻制异径管 reducing swage
螺纹支管台 threadolet
焊接支管台 weldolet
承插支管台 sockolet
弯头支管台 elbolet
斜接支管台 latrolet
镶入式支管嘴 sweepolet
短管支管台 nipolet
支管台，插入式支管台 boss
管接头 coupling, full coupling
半管接头 half coupling
异径管接头 reducing coupling
活接头 union
内外螺纹缩接（俗称补芯） bushing
管帽 cap (C)
堵头 plug
短节 nipple
异径短节 reducing nippleswage nipple
1.3 弯管 Bend
预制弯管 fabricated pipe bend
跨越弯管（^ 形） cross-over bend
偏置弯管（~ 形） offset bend
90°弯管 quarter bend
环形弯管 cirele bend
单侧偏置90°弯管（? 形） single offset quarter bend
S形弯管 “S” bend
单侧偏置U形膨胀弯管（| ?形） single offset “U” bend
U形弯管 “U” bend
双偏置U膨胀弯管 double offset expansion “U” bend
斜接弯管 mitre bend
三节斜接弯管 3-piece mitre bend
折皱弯管 corrugated bend
圆度 roundness
1.4 法兰 Flange (FLG）
整体管法兰 integral pipe flange
钢管法兰 steel pipe flange
螺纹法兰 threaded flange
滑套法兰（包括平焊法兰） slip-on flange (SO)slip-on welding flange
承插焊法兰 socket welding flange
松套法兰 lap joint flange (LJF)
对焊法兰 welding neckflange (WNF)
法兰盖 blind flange, blind
孔板法兰 orifice flange
异径法兰 reducing flange
盘座式法兰 pad type flange
松套带颈法兰 loose hubbed flange
焊接板式法兰 welding plate flange
对焊环 welding neck collar （与stub end相似）
平焊环 welding-on collar
突缘短节 stub end, lap
翻边端 lapped pipe end
松套板式法兰 loose plate flange
压力级 pressure rating, pressure rating class
压力—温度等级 pressure-temperature rating
法兰密封面，法兰面 flange facing
突面 raised face (RF)
凸面 male face (MF)
凹面 female face (FMF)
榫面 tongue face
槽面 groove face
环连接面 ring joint face
全平面；满平面 flat facefull face (FF)
光滑突面 smooth raised face (SRF)
法兰面加工 facing finish
粗糙度 roughness
光滑的 smooth
齿形 serrated
均方根 root mean square (RMS)
算术平均粗糙高度 arithmetical average roughness height (AARH)
配对法兰 companion-flange
螺栓圆 bolt circle (B.C.)
1.5 垫片 Gasket (GSKT)
垫片的型式 type of gasket
平垫片 flat gasket
环形平垫片 flat ring gasket
平金属垫片 flat metal gasket
夹棉织物的橡胶 elastomer with cotton fabric insertion
夹石棉织物的橡胶 elastomer with asbestos fabric insertion
夹石棉织物及金属丝加强的橡胶 elastomer with asbestos fabric insertion and with wire reinforcement
无石墨压缩白石棉垫片 non graphited compressed white asbestos gasket
天然白橡胶垫片 natural white rubber gasket
压缩石棉垫片 compressed asbestos class gasket
浸聚四氟乙烯的石棉垫片 PTFE impregnated asbestos gasket
夹石棉的缠绕金属垫片 spiral-wound metal gasket with asbestos filler
内环 inner ring
外环，外定位环 outer ring
波纹金属垫片 corrugated metal gasket
波纹金属包嵌石棉垫片 corrugated metal gasket with asbestos inserted
双夹套波纹金属包石棉垫片 corrugated metal double jacketed asbestos filled gasket
双夹套垫片 double jacketed gasket
金属包石棉平垫片 flat metal jacketed asbestos filled gasket
整体金属齿形垫片 solid metal serrated gasket
槽形金属垫片 grooved metal gasket
环形连接金属垫片 ring joint metal gasket
八角环形垫片 octagonal ring gasket
椭圆环形垫片 oval ring gasket
透镜式垫片 lens gasket
非金属垫片 non-metallic gasket
1.6 阀门 Valve
1.6.1 阀门结构、零件
阀轭 yoke
外螺纹阀杆及阀轭 outside screw and yoke (OS &Y)
阀杆 stem
内螺纹 inside screw (IS)
阀轭套 yoke sleeve
阀杆环 stem ring
阀座 valve seat (body seat)
阀座环、密封圈 seat ring
整体（阀）座 integral seat
堆焊（阀）座 deposited seat
阀芯（包括密封圈、杆等内件） trim
阀盘 disc
阀盘密封圈 disc seat
阀体 body
阀盖 bonnet
阀盖衬套 bonnet bush
螺纹阀帽 screw cap
螺纹阀盖 screw bonnet
螺栓连接的阀盖 bolted bonnet (BB)
活接阀盖（帽） union bonnet (cap)
螺栓连接的阀帽 bolted cap (BC)
焊接阀盖 welded bonnet (WB)
本体阀杆密封 body stem seal
石棉安全密封 asbestos emenen seal
倒密封 back seal
压力密封的阀盖 pressure-tight bonnet
动力操纵器 powered operator
电动操纵器 electric motor operator
气动操纵器 pneumatic operator
液压操纵器 hydraulic operator
快速操纵器 quick-acting operator
滑动阀杆 sliding stem
正齿轮传动 spur gear operated
伞齿轮传动 bevel gear operated
扳手操作 wrench operated
链轮 chain wheel
手轮 hand wheel
手柄 hand lever (handle)
气缸（或液压缸）操纵的 cylinder operated
链条操纵的 chain operated
等径孔道 full borefull port
异径孔道 reducing bore, reduced port,venturi port
短型 short pattern
紧凑型（小型） compact type
笼式环 lantern ring
压盖 gland
阀杆填料 stem packing
阀盖垫片 bonnet gasket
升杆式（明杆） rising stem (RS)
非升杆式（暗杆） non-rising stem (NRS)
指示器/限位器 indicator/stopper
注油器 grease injector
可更换的阀座环 renewable seat ring
1.6.2 常用阀
(1）闸阀 gate valve
平行双闸板 double disc parallel seat
开口楔形闸板 split wedge
挠性整体楔形闸扳 flexible solid wedge
整体楔形闸板 solid wedge
塞型闸阀 plug gate valve
直通型闸阀 through conduit gate valve
(2) 截止阀 globe valve
球心型阀盘 globe type disc
塞型阀盘 plug type disc
可转动的阀盘 swivel disc
(3) 节流闪阀 throttle valve
针阀 needle valve
(4) 角阀 angle valve
(5) Y型阀（Y 型阀体截止阀） Y-valve (Y-body globe valve)
(6) 球阀 ball valve
三通球阀 3-way ball valve
装有底轴的 trunnion mounted
耐火型 fire safe type
浮动球型 floating ball type
防脱出阀杆 blowout proof stem
(7) 蝶阀 butterfly valve
对夹式（薄片型） wafer type
凸耳式 lug type
偏心阀板蝶阀 offset disc burerfly valveeccentric butterfly valve
斜阀盘蝶阀 canted disc butterfly valve
连杆式蝶阀 link butterfly valve
8) 柱塞阀 piston type valve
(9) 旋塞阀 plug valve
三通旋塞阀 three-way plug valve
四通旋塞阀 four-way plug valve
旋塞 cock
衬套旋塞 sleeve cock
(10) 隔膜阀 diaphragm valve
橡胶衬里隔膜阀 rubber lined diaphragm valve
直通式隔膜阀 straight way diaphragm valve
堰式隔膜阀 weir diaphragm valve
(11) 夹紧式胶管阀 pinch valve（用于泥浆、粉尘等）
(12) 止回阀 check valve
升降式止回阀 lift check valve
旋启式止回阀 swing check valve, flap check valve
落球式止回阀 ball check valve
弹簧球式止回阀 spring ball check valve
双板对夹式止回阀 dual plate wafer type check valve
无撞击声止回阀 non-slam cheek valve
底阀 foot valve
切断式止回阀 stop check valvenon-return valve
活塞式止回阀 piston check valve
斜翻盘止回阀 tilting disc check valve
蝶式止回阀 butterfly check valve
1.6.3 其它用途的阀
安全泄气阀 safety valve (SV)
安全泄液阀 relief valve (RV)
安全泄压阀 safety relief valve
杠杆重锤式 lever and weight type
引导阀操纵的安全泄气阀 pilot operated safety valve
复式安全泄气阀 twin type safety valve
罐底排污阀 flush-bottom tank valve
电磁阀 solenoid valve, solenoid operated valve
电动阀 electrically operated valve, electric-motor operated valve
气动阀 pneumatic operated valve
低温用阀 cryogenic service valve
蒸汽疏水阀 steam trap
机械式疏水阎 mechanical trap
浮桶式疏水阀 open bucket trap, open top bucket trap
浮球式疏水阀 float trap
倒吊桶式疏水阀 inverted bucket trap
自由浮球式疏水阀 loose float trap
恒温式疏水阀 thermostatic trap
金属膨胀式蒸汽疏水阀 metal expansion steam trap
液体膨胀式蒸汽疏水阀 liquid expansion steam trap
双金属膨胀式蒸汽疏水阀 bimetallic expansion steam trap
压力平衡式恒温疏水阀 balanced pressure thermostatic trap
热动力式疏水阀 thermodynamic trap
脉冲式蒸汽疏水阀 impulse steam trap
放气阀（自动放气阀） air vent valve (automatic air vent valve) （疏水阀用）
平板式滑动闸阀 slab type sliding gate valve
盖阀 flat valve
换向阀 diverting valve, reversing valve
热膨胀阀 thermo expansion valve
自动关闭阀 self-closing gate valve
自动排液阀 self-draining valve
管道盲板阀 line-blind valve
挤压阀 squeeze valve（用于泥浆及粉尘等）
呼吸阀 breather valve
风门、挡板 damper
减压阀 pressure reducing valve, reducing valve
控制阀 control valve
膜式控制阀 diaphragm operated control valve
执行机构 actuator
背压调节阀 back pressure regulating valve
差压调节阀 differential pressure regulating valve
压力比例调节阀 pressure ratio regulating valve
1.6.4 未指明结构（或阀型）的阀
切断阀 block valveshut-off valvestop valve
调节阀 regulating valve
快开阀 quick opening valve
快闭阀 quick closing valve
隔断阀 isolating valve
三通阀 three way valve
夹套阔 jacketed valve
非旋转式阀 non-rotary valve
排污阀 blowdown valve
集液排放阀 drip valve
排液阀 drain valve
放空阀 vent valve
卸载阀 unloading valve
排出阀 discharge valve
吸入阀 suction valve
多通路阀 multiport valve
取样阀 sampling valve
手动阀 hand-operated valvemanually operated valve
锻造阀 forged valve
铸造阀 cast valve
（水）龙头 bibbbibfaucet
抽出液阀（小阀） bleed valve
旁路阀 by-pass valve
软管阀 hose valve
混合阀 mixing valve
破真空阀 vacuum breaker
冲洗阀 flush valve
第一道阀；根部阀 primary valve
根部阀 root valve
总管阀 header valve
事故切断阀 emergency valve
Hadfield Manganese Steel 哈德菲尔德锰钢
Hadfield Steel 哈德菲尔德高锰钢哈特非钢奥氏体高锰钢
Hadifield Steel 高锰钢
Half Spherical Steel Bobbin 半圆形钢质滚轮
Half Steel 钢性生铁
Half-Hard Steel 半硬钢
Halvan Tool Steel 铬钒系工具钢
Hammered Steel 锻钢
Hand Drill Steel 手持式钢钎
Hand Steel Snap 手用钢铆钉模
Hard Alloy Steel 硬合金钢硬质合金钢
Hard Steel 硬钢
Hard-Drawn Steel Wire 硬拉钢丝
Hardened And Tempered Steel 调质钢
Hardened Steel 硬化钢淬火钢
Hardened Steel Roller 淬火钢滚轮
Hardened-Steel Bushing 淬火钢衬套
Hardened-Steel Guideway 淬火钢导轨
Hardened-Steel Tire 硬化钢环箍
Hardening Of Steel 钢的硬化
Harvey Steel 固体渗碳硬化钢
Heat And Corrosion Resistant Steel 耐热防锈钢
Heat Treatment Of Steel 钢的热处理
Heat-Resistant Steel 耐热钢
Heat-Resisting Alloy Steel 耐热合金钢
Heat-Resisting Steel 耐热钢热强钢
Heat-Treatable Steel 热处理钢
Heat-Treated Steel 热处理钢
Heat-Treated Steel Track 热处理钢履带
Heavy Section Steel 大型型钢
Heavy Steel Rolling Mill 大型轧钢厂
Helical Steel Support 螺旋形井筒支架
Hexagon Bar Steel 六角条钢
Hexagonal Steel Bar 六角形钢筋
Hi-Stren Steel 低合金高强度钢
High Alloy Steel 高质合金钢
High Angle Smooth Bottom Steel Bench Plane 高角平底钢刨
High Boron Steel 高硼钢
High Carbon Steel 高碳钢
High Chrome Alloy Steel 高铬合金钢
High Chrome Steel 高铬钢高铬钢
High Chromium Steel 高铬钢
High Frequency Steel Furnace 高频炼钢炉
High Manganese Carbon Steel 高锰碳钢
High Manganese Cast Steel 高锰铸钢
High Manganese Stainless Steel 高锰不锈钢
High Manganese Steel 高锰钢
High Manganese Steel Casting 高锰钢铸件
High Manganese Steel Frog 高锰钢辙叉
High Manganese Steel Rail And Guard Rail 高锰钢辙叉及护轨
High Nickel Steel 高镍钢高镍合金钢
High Nickel-Chrome Steel 高镍铬钢
High Pressure Stainless Steel Hose 高压不锈钢软管
High Quality Steel 高级钢
High Speed Steel Bit 高速钢钻头
High Speed Steel Cutter 高速钢刀具
High Speed Steel Ground Tap 高速钢磨削丝锥
High Speed Steel Lathe Tool 高速钢车刀
High Speed Steel Power Hacksaw Blade 高速钢机用锯条
High Speed Steel Tool Bit 高速钢刀具
High Speed Steel Turning Tool 高速钢车刀
High Speed Steel Twist Drill 高速钢麻花钻
High Speed Steel Wire 高速钢丝
High Steel 高碳钢硬钢
High Strength Alloy Steel Shackle 高强度合金钢锁扣
High Strength Bevel Steel Washer 高强度钢斜垫圈
High Strength Construction Steel 高强结构钢
High Strength Hull Steel 高强度船体结构钢
High Strength Low Alloy Steel 高强度低合金钢低合金高强度钢
High Strength Plain Steel Washer 高强度平钢垫圈
High Strength Steel 高强度钢材
High Strength Steel Bar 高强钢筋
High Strength Steel Plate 高强钢板
High Strength Steel Washer 高强度钢垫圈
High Strength Structural Steel 高强度结构钢
High Tensile Deformed Steel Bar 高拉力异形钢筋
High Tensile Reinforing Steel 高强钢筋
High Tensile Steel 高强度钢高级钢
High Tensile Steel Plate 高强钢板
High Tensile Steel Tube 高强度钢管
High Tensile Steel Wire 高强钢丝
High Tensile Thin Steel Plate 高强薄钢板
High Yield Stress Steel 高屈服强度钢
High-Alloy Steel 高合金钢
High-Alloy Steel Vessel 高合金钢容器
High-Carbon Alloy Steel 高碳合金钢
High-Carbon Chromium Steel 高碳铬钢
High-Carbon High-Tensile Steel 高碳高张力钢
High-Carbon High-Tensile Steel Wire 高碳高张力钢线
High-Carbon Steel 高碳钢
High-Carbon Steel Heat Treated 热处理过的高碳钢
High-Chromium Stainless Steel 高铬不锈钢
High-Creep Strength Steel 高蠕变强度钢
High-Ductility Steel 高韧性钢高塑性钢
High-Duty Steel 高强度钢
High-Elastic Limit Steel 高弹性极限钢高弹性限度钢
High-Frequency Electric Welded Steel Pipe 高频电焊钢管
High-Frequency Transformer Silicon Steel Sheet 高频变压器硅钢片
High-Grade Alloy Steel 高级合金钢
High-Grade Alloy Structure Steel 高级合金结构高级合金结构钢
High-Grade Carbon Steel 高级碳素钢
High-Grade Steel 高级钢
High-Quality Nickel Steel Tube 高级镍钢管
High-Quality Steel 高质量钢优质钢
High-Speed Steel 高速钢高速工具钢
High-Speed Steel Bit 高速钢车刀
High-Speed Steel Drill 高速钢钻头
High-Speed Steel End Mill 高速钢端铣刀
High-Speed Steel Geared Tap 高速钢磨牙丝锥
High-Speed Steel Ingot 高速钢锭
High-Speed Steel Lathe Tool 白钢车刀
High-Speed Steel Tool 高速钢刀具
High-Speed Tool Steel 高速工具钢高工钢
High-Strength Bevel Steel Washer 高强度斜垫圈
High-Strength Cast Steel 高速铸铁
High-Strength Low Alloy Steel 高强低合金钢
High-Strength Low-Allow Steel 高强度耐低温钢
High-Strength Plain Steel Washer 高强度平垫圈
High-Strength Quality Steel Wire 高强优质钢丝
High-Strength Steel 高强度钢
High-Strength Steel Electrode 高强度钢焊条
High-Strength Steel Washer 高强度垫圈
High-Sulfur Steel 高硫钢
High-Temper Steel 高温回火钢
High-Temperature Steel 耐高温钢
High-Tensile Steel 高强度钢高强钢
High-Tensile Steel Bar 高强度钢筋
High-Tensile Steel Bars 高强度粗钢筋
High-Tensile Steel Reinforcement Bar Fixture 高强钢筋夹具
High-Tensile Steel Wires 高强度钢丝
High-Tensile Structural Steel 高强度结构钢
High-Vanadium Steel 高矾钢高钒钢
High-Yield Strength Steel 高屈服点钢高屈服强度钢
Highyield Low-Alloy Steel 高强度低合金钢
Hoe Steel 中耕机锄铲
Hole Steel Propeller 钢制空心螺旋桨
Hollow Drill Steel 中空钻探钢
Hollow Square Steel 空心方钢
Hollow Steel 空心钢中空钢
Hollow Steel Propeller 中空钢制螺旋桨
Hollow Steel Rim 空心轮辋
Hollow Steel Roller 空心钢辊
Hollow Steel Section 薄壁型钢
Hollow Steel Spoke Wheel 空心钢辐轮
Hollow-Drill Steel 空心钻杆
Homogeneous Steel 均质钢均质钢
Homogeneous Steel Plate 均质钢板均质钢板
Honda Steel 本多磁钢
Hoop Steel 箍钢带
Hot Die Steel 热锻模钢热作模具钢
Hot Work Tool Steel 热镀模具钢热锻模具钢
Hot-Die Steel 热变形模具钢高温模具钢
Hot-Dip Galvanized Steel Wire 热镀锌钢丝
Hot-Dipped Galvanized Sheet Steel 热浴镀锌薄板钢材
Hot-Rolled Mild Steel 热轧软钢
Hot-Rolled Sheet Steel 热轧钢板
Hot-Rolled Sillcon Steel Sheet 热轧硅钢板
Hot-Rolled Steel 热轧钢
Hot-Rolled Steel Bar 热轧钢筋
Hot-Rolled Steel Channel 热轧槽钢
Hot-Rolled Steel Joist 热轧钢龙骨
Hot-Rolled Steel Section 热轧型钢
Hot-Working Die Steel 热锻模钢
Hubbing Steel 冲模钢
Hull Steel 船用钢造船钢
Hy-Tuf Steel 海图夫低合金高强度钢
Hydra Steel 海德拉热模具钢
Hydraulic Steel Holder 液压持纤器
Hydraulic Steel Support 液压钢支架
Hynack Steel Plate 海纳克护膜耐蚀钢板
Hypereutectoid Steel 过共析钢超共析钢
Hypoeutectoid Steel 亚共析钢
Hysteresis Steel 磁滞钢
I-Section Steel Pile 工字型钢桩
I-Steel 工字形钢窄边工字钢
I-Steel Pile 工字型钢桩
Inclusion In Steel 钢内夹杂
Indented Steel Wire 齿纹钢丝
Industrial Steel Window 工业厂房钢窗
Ingot Steel 钢锭锭钢
Inland Steel (美国) 内陆钢铁公司
Instrument For Measuring Oxygen In Molten Steel 钢液定氧仪
Integral (Drill) Steel 整体钢钎
Integral Steel 整体钢钎
Integrated Iron And Steel Works 综合性钢铁厂
Intermediate Grade Steel 中级钢
Internal Fixation With Steel Plate 钢板内固定术
Invar Steel 殷钢
Iron And Steel Base 钢铁基地
Iron And Steel Casting 钢铁铸件
Iron And Steel Company 钢铁公司
Iron And Steel Industry 钢铁工业
Iron And Steel Manufacture 钢铁制造
Iron And Steel Material Shaped 钢铁型材
Iron And Steel Plant 钢铁厂
Iron And Steel Scrap 废钢铁
Iron And Steel Sheet And Plate 钢铁板材
Iron And Steel Sheet Piling 铁及钢板桩法凿井
Iron And Steel Wire 钢铁丝材
Iron And Steel Works 钢铁厂
Iron-And-Steel Furnace 黑色金属冶金炉
Irreversible Steel 不可逆钢
Joist Steel 梁钢
Joy Extensible Steel Band 乔伊可伸缩式钢带运输机
Jumper Steel 钻杆钢长凿钢
Jute-Covered Steel Pipe 包黄麻钢管
Killed Carbon Steel (KCS) 镇静碳钢
Killed Steel 镇静钢
Killed Steel (去氧钢) 脱氧钢
Krupp Austenite Steel 奥氏体铬镍合金钢
Krupp Triple Steel 克鲁普铬钼钒高速钢
L.P.N. Steel 低氮碱性底吹转炉钢
Lacquer-Coated Steel Sheet 涂漆薄钢板
Lead Bearing Steel 含铅钢
Lead Treated Steel 含铅易切削钢
Lead-Coated Steel Plate 镀铅钢板
Lead-Sheathed Steel-Taped 铅包钢带
Leaded Low-Phosphorus Steel 含铅低磷钢
Lean Alloy Steel 低合金钢
Ledloy Free Cutting Steel 加铅易切削钢
Light Channed Steel 轻型槽钢
Light Gauge Steel 轻量型钢
Light Weight Steel Shape 轻型钢材
Light-Gauge Steel Section 薄壁型钢
Light-Weight Angle Steel 轻型角钢
Lightgage Steel Joist 轻钢龙骨
Lightweight Steel Construction 轻钢结构
Lightweight Steel Shape 冷弯型钢
Lip Hat Section Steel 带缘帽型钢
Lip Z Steel 带缘Z型钢
Liquid Steel 钢水
Liquid-Compressed Steel 液态挤压钢加压凝固钢
Little Bessemer Steel 小型酸性转炉钢
Lock Bar Steel Pipe 箍锚钢管
Locking Steel Wire 锁紧钢丝
Long Steel Tape 钢卷尺
Long Steel Wire Saw 长钢丝锯
Long-Span Steel Framing 大跨钢构架
Low Alloy Steel 低合金钢
Low Alloy Steel High Side Wagon 低合金钢敞车
Low Alloy Steel Plate 低合金钢板
Low Alloy Tool Steel 低合金工具钢
Low Alloyed Steel 低合金钢
Low Carbon Steel 低碳钢
Low Carbon Steel Electrode 低碳钢焊条
Low Carbon Steel Pipe 低碳钢管
Low Carbon Steel Welding Electrode 低碳钢电焊条
Low Hysteresis Steel 低磁滞钢低磁滞硅钢
Low Machinability Steel 难切削钢
Low Manganess Steel 低锰钢
Low Pressure Stainless Steel Hose 低压不锈钢软管
Low Steel 低碳钢
Low Steel Proportion 低含钢率
Low Temperature Steel Electrode 低温钢焊条
Low Tungsten High Speed Steel 低钨高速钢
Low-Alloy High-Strength Steel 低合金高强度钢
Low-Alloy High-Tensile Structural Steel 低合金高强度结构钢
Low-Alloy Steel Covered Arc Welding Electrode 低合金钢焊条
Low-Alloy Threading Steel 低合金螺纹钢
Low-Alloy Tool Steel 低合金工具钢
Low-Angle Smooth Bottom Steel Bench Plane 低角平底钢刨
Low-Carbon Cast Steel 低碳铸钢
Low-Carbon Steel 低碳钢
Low-Chrome Steel 低铬钢
Low-Ductility Steel 低塑性钢
Low-Expansion Steel 低膨胀钢
Low-Temperature (Low Temperature) Steel 低温钢
Lowalloy Structural Steel 低合金钢
Machine Steel 机件钢机器钢
Machinery Steel 机器钢
Magnaflux Steel 航空用高强度钢
Magnet Steel 磁钢
Magnetic Steel 磁钢磁性钢
Magnetic Steel Detector 钢筋磁性检测仪
Magnetically Soft Steel 软磁钢
Main Reinforcing Steel 主钢筋
Major-Orthotropic Steel-Plate Bridge 主正交各向异性钢板桥
Malleable Mild Steel 韧性低碳钢韧性软钢
Malleable Steel 展性钢软钢韧性钢
Man-Ten Steel 低合金高强度钢
Manganese Silicon Spring Steel 锰硅弹簧钢
Manganese Silicon Steel 锰硅钢
Manganese Silicon Tool Steel 锰硅工具钢
Manganese Spring Steel 锰弹簧钢
Manganese Steel 锰钢哈德菲尔德锰钢
Manganese Tool Steel 锰工具钢
Manganese Vanadium Steel 锰钒钢
Manganese Vanadium Tool Steel 锰矾工具钢锰钒工具钢
Manufacture Of Iron And Steel By Melting 钢铁熔炼
Maraging Steel 马氏体时效钢
Marconi Steel Tape Recorder 马可尼磁带录音机
Martensite Steel 马登斯体钢马氏体钢
Martensitic Stain Less Steel 马氏体不锈钢
Martensitic Steel 马氏体钢
Martensitic Steel 马氏永磁体
Martin Steel 平炉钢马丁钢
Martinel Steel 马蒂内尔结构钢硅锰钢硅锰结构钢
Mattress Netting Steel Wire 钢丝床用钢丝
Measuring Case Depth For Steel 钢表层硬化深度测定法钢的表层硬化深度测定法
Mechanically Capped Steel 机械封顶钢
Medium Alloy Steel 中合金钢
Medium Carbon Steel 中碳钢
Medium Hard Steel 中等硬度钢中硬钢在硬钢
Medium Manganese Steel 中锰钢
Medium Steel (MS) 中碳钢
Medium Temper Steel 中等回火钢
Medium Width Steel Strip 中等宽度带钢
Medium-Hard Steel 中硬钢
Merchant Steel 商品钢商品条钢条钢
Mercury-In-Steel Thermometer 钢管水银温度计钢壳水银温度计
Mild Carbon Steel 低碳钢
Mild Carbon Steel Strip 低碳带钢
Mild Sheet Steel 软钢板
Mild Steel 软钢低碳钢
Mild Steel Arc Welding Electrode 低碳钢焊条
Mild Steel Channel 槽钢
Mild Steel Checkered Plate 花纹钢板
Mild Steel Equal Angle 等边角钢
Mild Steel Expanded Sheets 钢板网
Mild Steel Fire Box 软钢板火箱
Mild Steel Hexagonal Bolts 六角螺丝梗
Mild Steel Hexagonal Bolts And Nuts 六角螺丝闩
Mild Steel I-Beam 低碳工字钢
Mild Steel Ingot 低碳钢锭
Mild Steel Plate 软钢板
Mild Steel Reinforcement (含钢量0.12--0.25%) 软钢钢筋
Mild Steel Shank 软钢手柄
Mild Steel Sheet 软钢皮
Mild Steel Welding Rod 低碳钢焊丝
Mild Steel Wire 低碳钢丝
Mild-Carbon Steel Strip 低碳带钢低碳钢带
Mild-Steel Domestic Boiler 软钢家用锅炉
Mild-Steel Sheet 低碳钢薄板
Mini Steel Plant 小型钢铁厂
Mishima Magnet Steel 铝镍强磁钢
Mold Steel 型模钢
Molten Steel 钢水钢液
Molybdenum High Speed Steel 钼高速钢
scaffolding clamp universal 旋转扣件，一般说Swivel clamp
joint clamp对接扣件，还有说法是sleeve clamp
s-hook for shuttring plates 这个暂时不清楚
Do the students water the flowers every day?
Do the flowers were watered by the students every day?
tom gave mike a pen yesterday
Mike was gaven A pen by mike yesterday
they will sing an english song at the party
An english song would be singd by they at the party.
或者
an english song at the party would be singd by they
英语中的被动语态使用得比汉语要多，要普遍，许多课本乃至实际应用中都常常涉及到这个问题。一般说来，当强调动作承受者，不必说出执行者或含糊不清的执行者时，多用被动式。须注意的是，许多地方与汉语不同。注意那些汉语中没有"被……"的意思，英语却用被动态。还要注意，英语的被动态往往由"by"引出，而有用介词"by"的短语往往又不是被动态，而是系表结构。还有些待殊现象，如…knownto man(人类......所知)，on foot步行(美国人有时用by foot)，in carraige(乘四轮马车)等等。还有假主动，真被动的十几个常用词的用法，以及so heavy to carry而不用so heavy to be carried等习惯用法。有关这类情况，做到心中有数对全面掌握被动态，准确无误地解答习题非常关键，被动态必须涉及的是动词的各种时态变化的问题。英语的时态本来很复杂，怎样记住各自的被动形式呢? 首先要明确"将来进行无被动，现在完成进行
同"。这两种时态无被动形式。
另外，不及物动词带有同源宾语的动词，反身代词的动词和系动词都无被动形式。即便如此，还有不定式，动名词，分词，以及它们的复合结构)的被动态，再加上情态动词，助动词以及它们的疑问式和否定式从中掺杂，真是令人头痛，眼花缭乱。下面口诀就以动词do为例，即do did过去式done过去分词，以口诀形式总结各种时态的被动态，一定对你有所启示。
被动语态的口诀
一般现、过用be done，be有人称、时、数变。
完成时态have done，被动将been加中间。
一般将来shall (will) do，被动变do为be done。
将来进行无被动，shall (will) be doing,
现在完成进行同，have (has) been doing。
现、过进行be doing, 被动be加being done。
情、助、有、是妥安排，一律随新主语变。
否定助后加not，疑问一助置主前。
主语恰是疑问词，直陈语序主在前。
一般情助加be done，双宾多将间宾变。
复合宾语宾变主，宾补、主补相应变。
第二句"be有人称、时、数变"即be有人称、时态和单、复数的变化。"情助"是指情态动词和助动词must，may，can，shall，will等一律随新主语(多是主动句中的宾语)来变化。"疑问一助置主前"是说有两个助动词的话，应把主语放在第一助动词之后或把第一助动词置于主语之前。下面详细举例说明之。
一般现、过用be done, be有人称、时、数变
例：1、主动：The children gave the foreign guests a warm welcome.
被动：The foreign guests were given a warm welcome by the children.
孩子们热烈地欢迎外宾。
2、主动：People regard him as brilliant.
被动：He is regarded as brilliant by people.
人们认为他很有才华。
以上两例都是一般时态用be done的例子，be有人称、时、数变，第三人称foreign friends是复数，时态一般过去时，所以"be done"就是were given，而People regard him as brilliant一句，被动后的"be done"就变成单数第三人称is regarded的形式了。
被动：
This speech was delivered by comrade Wang. (was delivered即一般过去时的被动态)
这篇讲演是王的发言。
There was a serious train accident near the border. Two people were killed and twelve were injured.
边境发生严重列车事故，二人死亡，十二人受伤。
A person who is truly honest is called a straight arrow. 直言不讳的人才是真正诚实的人。
A note was passed up to the speaker. 有人给讲演者递上来一张纸条。
John was elected president of the class instead of Harry. 乔治被选为班长而代替了亨利。
Volcanoes are described as active, dormant or extinct. 火山被描述为活的，沉睡着的，或者死的。
The soldier was killed, but the train was saved. 这位战士牺牲了，然而列车得救了。
He was thought to be clever but dishonest. 他被认为很聪明但不诚实。
The first zoological garden in the United States was established in 1874. 美国的第一个动物园是1874年建立的。
Families were often broken upwives were taken away from their husbands and children from their parents. 家庭被拆散，妻儿被夺走。
The information is urgently needed. 急需这个资料。
Most environmental problems exist because adequate measures for preventing them were not taken in the past. 多数环境污染问题的存在，是因为过去没有采取适当的保护措施。
完成时态have done，被动将been加中间。
(过去完成时had done也包括在内)。
例：1、主动：We have studied English for 3 years off and on at the spare-time school.
被动：English has been studied for 3 years off and on at the spare-time school. (have随新主语变为has)
我们已经在夜校里断断续续地学了三年英语了。
2、主动: They had produced 100 tractors by the end of last year.
被动: 100 tractors had been produced by the end of last year.
到去年年底我们已生产出一百台拖拉机。
3、主动：They have set up a power station in their home town.
被动：A power station has been set up in their home town.
他们的家乡建立了一座发电站。
4、主动：They have warned us to be careful of rats.
被动：We have been warned to be careful of rats.
他们已提醒我们要注意老鼠。
5、主动：People have piled plastic bags full of rubbish in streets.
被动: Plastic bags full of rubbish have been piled in streets.
人们把装满垃圾的塑料袋子堆放在街上。
6、主动：We have used nuclear energy to produce electricity.
被动：Nuclear energy has been used to produce electricity.
核能已用来发电。
7、主动：No one has ever beaten him at tennis.
被动：He has never been beaten at tennis.
就网球来说还没有人是他的对手。
(No one涉及到全否定和部分否定问题，见否定一讲)
The person who owns the gun may try to deny that he has used it. But anyone seeing the smoke knows the gun has just been fired.
有枪的人会极力否认他开了枪。但是任何看到枪烟(枪冒的烟)的人都会知道刚才开了枪。
Today is Cilia's wedding [font id=Mark ]day[/font], she has just been married to Danel. 今天是西丽亚的新婚日，她刚刚和丹尼尔结婚。
The subjects of these lectures have been announced by the lecture committee. 演讲委员会已宣布了这些讲演的题目。
过去完成时也是一样：
主动: Somebody had cleaned my shoes.
被动: My shoes had been cleaned by somebody.
有人早已把我的鞋子擦了。
When I returned I found that they had towed (toud) my car away, I asked why they had done this and they told me that id was because I had parked it under a "No Parking Sign".
被动：my car had been towed away. I asked why this had been done and told that ... it had been parked under a "No Parking Sign".
当我回来时，发现我的车被弄走了。我问他们为啥这么于。他们告诉我说因为我把车于停在"禁止停车"的禁区。
主动：They had build three ships by last December.
被动： By last December three ships had been built by them.
到去年年底他们已建造了三艘船。
Research had been centred on the improvement of natural building materials before synthetics were created. 合成材料造出之前，研究工作集中在改进天然建筑材料上。
He did not say if all those steel pipes had been examined. 他并没有说那些钢管都检验过没有。
After plastic had been created, engineers were given a much wide choice of materials. 塑料发明之后，工程师们在材料选择上有了更广阔的途径
